Asociación entre autopercepción de imagen corporal y patrones alimentarios en estudiantes de Nutrición y Dietética

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to associate eating patterns with the self-perception of the nutritional state in Chilean university students of Nutrition and Dietetics. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 634 students of Nutrition and Dietetics were assessed, 86.4% were women. Each student was shown seven anatomical models corresponding to values of body mass index (BMI) of 18, 22, 25, 27, 30, 35 and 40 kg/m2, and had to choose the model with which he/she best identifies. The anthropometric assessment was carried out, the real BMI was calculated and compared with the perceived one, and a food survey was applied. Results: It is observed that individuals who overestimate their weight show a lower fulfillment percentage of the daily fruit and vegetable intake; however, the larger percentage of subjects who meet the recommended guidelines is included in the group that sees itself just like the model. There is an association between a good perception of the body image and a daily consumption of 3 or more serves of fruit OR = 0.554 (IC 95%; 0.360-0.852), 2 or more serves of vegetables per day OR = 0.438 (IC 95%; 0.283-0.678), and a lower alcohol intake once a week OR = 0.451 (IC 95%; 0.270-0.752). Conclusion: Students who show an adequate consumption of fruit and vegetables define their nutrition as healthy and ideal, and tend to consistently perceive themselves in relation to their nutritional state. Moreover, these subjects have a lower intake of unhealthy food.