Artículo
Inactivated Vaccine-Induced SARS-CoV-2 Variant-Specific Immunity in Children
Fecha
2022-12Registro en:
mBio, Volume 13, Issue 6December 2022
2161-2129
10.1128/mbio.01311-22
Autor
Soto, Jorge A.
Melo González, Felipe
Gutierrez Vera, Cristián
Schultz, Bárbara M.
Berríos Rojas, Roslye V.
Rivera Pérez, Daniela
Piña Iturbe, Alejandro
Hoppe Elsholz, Guillermo
Duarte, Luisa F.
Vázquez, Yaneisi
Moreno Tapia, Daniela
Ríos, Mariana
Palacios, Pablo A.
Garcia Betancourt, Richard
Santibañez, Álvaro
Pacheco, Gaspar A.
Mendez, Constanza
Andrade, Catalina A.
Silva, Pedro H.
Diethelm Varela, Benjamín
Astudillo, Patricio
Calvo, Mario
Cárdenas, Antonio
González, Marcela
Goldsack, Macarena
Gutiérrez, Valentina
Potin, Marcela
Schilling, Andrea
Tapia, Lorena I.
Twele, Loreto
Villena, Rodolfo
Grifoni, Albar
Sette, Alessandro
Weiskopf, Daniela
Fasce, Rodrigo A.
Fernández, Jorge
Mora, Judith
Ramírez, Eugenio
Gaete Argel, Aracelly
Acevedo, Mónica L.
Valiente Echeverría, Fernando
Soto Rifo, Ricardo
Retamal Díaz, Angello
Muñoz Jofré, Nathalia
Meng, Xing
Xin, Qianqian
Alarcón Bustamante, Eduardo
González Aramundiz, José V.
Le Corre, Nicole
Álvarez Figueroa, María Javiera
González, Pablo A.
Abarca, Katia
Perret, Cecilia
Carreño, Leandro J.
Bueno, Susan M.
Kalergis, Alexis M.
Institución
Resumen
Multiple vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been evaluated in clinical trials. However, trials addressing the immune response in the pediatric population are scarce. The inactivated vaccine CoronaVac has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in a phase 1/2 clinical trial in a pediatric cohort in China. Here, we report interim safety and immunogenicity results of a phase 3 clinical trial for CoronaVac in healthy children and adolescents in Chile. Participants 3 to 17 years old received two doses of CoronaVac in a 4-week interval until 31 December 2021. Local and systemic adverse reactions were registered for volunteers who received one or two doses of CoronaVac. Whole-blood samples were collected from a subgroup of 148 participants for humoral and cellular immunity analyses. The main adverse reaction reported after the first and second doses was pain at the injection site. Four weeks after the second dose, an increase in neutralizing antibody titer was observed in subjects relative to their baseline visit. Similar results were found for activation of specific CD41 T cells. Neutralizing antibodies were identified against the Delta and Omicron variants. However, these titers were lower than those for the D614G strain. Importantly, comparable CD41 T cell responses were detected against these variants of concern. Therefore, CoronaVac is safe and immunogenic in subjects 3 to 17 years old, inducing neutralizing antibody secretion and activating CD41 T cells against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials .gov under no. NCT04992260.) IMPORTANCE This work evaluated the immune response induced by two doses of CoronaVac separated by 4 weeks in healthy children and adolescents in Chile. To date, few studies have described the effects of CoronaVac in the pediatric population. Therefore, it is essential to generate knowledge regarding the protection of vaccines in this population. Along these lines, we reported the anti-S humoral response and cellular immune response to several SARS-CoV-2 proteins that have been published and recently studied. Here, we show that a vaccination schedule consisting of two doses separated by 4 weeks induces the secretion of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, CoronaVac induces the activation of CD41 T cells upon stimulation with peptides from the proteome of SARS-CoV-2. These results indicate that, even though the neutralizing antibody response induced by vaccination decreases against the Delta and Omicron variants, the cellular response against these variants is comparable to the response against the ancestral strain D614G, even being significantly higher against Omicron. Copyright © 2022 Soto et al.