The present study aims to characterize the differentcontributions to the aerosol load in the atmosphere of Buenos Aires andthe role of the atmospheric flow in Southeastern South America as atransport mechanism. The analysis is based on measurements of thecolumnar aerosol content and derived quantities obtained with groundbasedremote sensors. The results provided evidence of the relativeimportance of the regional transport and the local contribution, as wellas elements related with the particulate size distribution and their linkswith the possible aerosol sources.Aerosol characterization in Buenos Aires and relationships with transport patterns in South America