Article
Profiling Humoral Immune Response Against Pre-Erythrocytic and Erythrocytic Antigens of Malaria Parasites Among Neotropical Primates in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Registro en:
ASSIS, Gabriela Maria Pereira de et al. Profiling Humoral Immune Response Against Pre-Erythrocytic and Erythrocytic Antigens of Malaria Parasites Among Neotropical Primates in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol., v. 11, Article 678996, 15 p, May 2021.
2235-2988
10.3389/fcimb.2021.678996
Autor
Assis, Gabriela Maira Pereira de
Alvarenga, Denise Anete Madureira de
Pereira, Matheus de Oliveira Costa
Sánchez-Arcila, Juan Camilo
Costa, Anielle de Pina
Souza Junior, Júlio César de Souza
Nunes, Ana Julia Dutra
Pissinatti, Alcides
Moreira, Silvia Bahadian
Torres, Leticia de Menezes
Costa, Helena Lott
Tinoco, Herlandes da Penha
Pereira, Valéria do Socorro
Soares, Irene da Silva
Souza, Taís Nóbrega de
Nutmngia, Francis Babila
Adams, John H.
Kano, Flora Satiko
Hirano, Zelinda Maria Braga
Daniel-Ribeiro, Claudio Tadeu
Ferreira, Joseli Oliveira
Carvalho, Luzia Helena
Brito, Cristiana Ferreira Alves de
Resumen
Human malaria due to zoonotic transmission has been recorded in the Atlantic Forest, an
extra-Amazonian area in Brazil, which are a challenge for malaria control. Naturally
acquired humoral immune response against pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic antigens
of Neotropical primates (NP) was evaluated here to improve the knowledge about the
exposure of those animals to the malaria transmission and support the identification of the
potential reservoirs of the disease in the Atlantic Forest. Blood samples of 154 monkeys
from three areas of the Atlantic Forest were used to identify IgG antibodies against
peptides of the repeat region of the major pre-erythrocytic antigen, the circumsporozoite
protein (CSP), of Plasmodium vivax (PvCSP), Plasmodium brasilianum/Plasmodium
malariae (Pb/PmCSP), and Plasmodium falciparum (PfCSP) by ELISA. Antibodies
against erythrocytic recombinant antigens of P. vivax, Apical membrane antigen 1
(PvAMA-1), Erythrocyte binding protein 2 (PvEBP-2) and domain II of Duffy binding
protein (PvDBPII) were also evaluated. Parameters, such as age, sex, PCR positivity, Human malaria due to zoonotic transmission has been recorded in the Atlantic Forest, an
extra-Amazonian area in Brazil, which are a challenge for malaria control. Naturally
acquired humoral immune response against pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic antigens
of Neotropical primates (NP) was evaluated here to improve the knowledge about the
exposure of those animals to the malaria transmission and support the identification of the
potential reservoirs of the disease in the Atlantic Forest. Blood samples of 154 monkeys
from three areas of the Atlantic Forest were used to identify IgG antibodies against
peptides of the repeat region of the major pre-erythrocytic antigen, the circumsporozoite
protein (CSP), of Plasmodium vivax (PvCSP), Plasmodium brasilianum/Plasmodium
malariae (Pb/PmCSP), and Plasmodium falciparum (PfCSP) by ELISA. Antibodies
against erythrocytic recombinant antigens of P. vivax, Apical membrane antigen 1
(PvAMA-1), Erythrocyte binding protein 2 (PvEBP-2) and domain II of Duffy binding
protein (PvDBPII) were also evaluated. Parameters, such as age, sex, PCR positivity,Human malaria due to zoonotic transmission has been recorded in the Atlantic Forest, an
extra-Amazonian area in Brazil, which are a challenge for malaria control. Naturally
acquired humoral immune response against pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic antigens
of Neotropical primates (NP) was evaluated here to improve the knowledge about the
exposure of those animals to the malaria transmission and support the identification of the
potential reservoirs of the disease in the Atlantic Forest. Blood samples of 154 monkeys
from three areas of the Atlantic Forest were used to identify IgG antibodies against
peptides of the repeat region of the major pre-erythrocytic antigen, the circumsporozoite
protein (CSP), of Plasmodium vivax (PvCSP), Plasmodium brasilianum/Plasmodium
malariae (Pb/PmCSP), and Plasmodium falciparum (PfCSP) by ELISA. Antibodies
against erythrocytic recombinant antigens of P. vivax, Apical membrane antigen 1
(PvAMA-1), Erythrocyte binding protein 2 (PvEBP-2) and domain II of Duffy binding
protein (PvDBPII) were also evaluated. Parameters, such as age, sex, PCR positivity and captivity, potentially associated with humoral immune response were analyzed.
Eighty-five percent of NP had antibodies against at least one CSP peptide, and 76%
against at least one P. vivax erythrocytic antigen. A high percentage of adults compared to
non-adults were seropositive and showed increased antibody levels. Neotropical primates
with PCR positive for P. simium had a significantly higher frequency of positivity rate for
immune response against PvEBP-2, PvDBPII and also higher antibody levels against
PvDBPII, compared to PCR negative NPs for this species. Monkeys with PCR positive for
P. brasilianum/P. malariae showed higher frequency of seropositivity and antibody levels
against Pb/PmCSP. Levels of antibodies against Pb/PmCSP, PvEBP-2 and PvDBPII were
higher in free-living than in captive monkeys from the same area. All Platyrrhine families
showed antibodies against CSP peptides, however not all showed IgG against
erythrocytic antigens. These findings showed a high prevalence of naturally acquired
antibodies against CSP repeats in all studied areas, suggesting an intense exposure to
infected-mosquitoes bites of NP from all families. However, mainly monkeys of Atelidae
family showed antibodies against P. vivax erythrocytic antigens, suggesting blood
infection, which might serve as potential reservoirs of malaria in the Atlantic Forest.