Este trabalho foi apoiado por uma bolsa da FACEPE (Recife, Brasil) (APQ-0131-4.01 / 07) e por uma bolsa do Ministério da Saúde italiano RC03 / 04. Lucas Brandão e Rafael Guimarães são bolsistas de doutorado da FACEPE (IBPG-0020-2.02 / 07; IBPG-0134-2.02 / 08). A Ludovica Segat recebeu uma bolsa de subsídio (APQ-0020-4.01 / 08) da FACEPE.In our study we investigated the possible role of MBL2 functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the augmented susceptibility to develop other autoimmune diseases in presence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in a group of Brazilian patients. Patients were stratified for the presence of autoimmune diseases known to be associated with T1D, such as autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and celiac disease (CD), and compared with healthy controls (HC). Our findings suggest that MBL2 functional SNPs are more closely related to AITD than to T1D, being MBL2 SNPs frequencies in T1D patients not affected by AITD comparable to the HC ones, while significantly different between AITD patients and patients not affected by the disease. Thus, the association between MBL2 polymorphisms and T1D that we previously reported, seems to result from the stronger association of MBL2 SNPs with another autoimmune disease, the AITD, frequently associated with T1D.2050-01-01