Síntesis y caracterización del sistema superconductor TR3X-1TR1XBaCuO dopado con óxido de grafeno por medio de reacción de estado sólido

Abstract

Electronic engineering is constantly evolving, and the search for efficient and versatile materials is fundamental to the development of new technologies. Superconducting materials are the subject of great interest due to their ability to carry electric current without resistance, making them a key tool for a wide variety of applications in fields such as medicine, power generation, quantum computing and communications. In this context, the present thesis work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of the high-temperature superconducting system Y3Ba5Cu8O18- - Y358 and its modification by substituting the Yttrium (Y) element with the two rare earths: Praseodymium (Pr) and Europium (Eu). In addition, the effect of doping with Graphene Oxide (GO) on the samples of Eu3Ba5Cu8O18- with different concentrations of GO (0.05% and 0.1%) is studied, since this material is an excellent electrical conductor. The samples are synthesized using the Solid State Reaction (SSR) method and structurally characterized by the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique and Rietveld refinement through the General Structure Analysis System (GSAS) software. In this way, the crystallographic information of the materials is obtained: lattice parameters, crystal structure, angles, cell volume, space group, average size of crystallites, percentage (%) of the crystallographic phases, and the confidence parameters of the refinement. Likewise, the microstructure of the samples is examined through images obtained by the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique, where optimum grain compaction is evident when the samples are doped with OG. In addition, the Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDS) technique coupled to the SEM is used to perform the semi-quantitative analysis of the composition of the samples, according to the stoichiometric formula corresponding to each chemical element present in the materials. The resistivity is measured as a function of temperature, in the range of 0 to 300 K, where a decrease in resistivity is observed when reaching the Critical Temperature (Tc) at 49 K. Finally, the application of the Four-Point Probe technique is suggested for the precise measurement of the resistivity of the materials.