Metodologia de análise da capacidade de hospedagem de sistemas fotovoltaicos em redes de distribuição de energia elétrica

Abstract

In order for the insertion of new technologies to bring benefits to electricity distribution networks, those associated with solar energy must be carefully analyzed, since low voltage networks were built considering unidirectional power flow, not taking into account the inclusion of large portions of distributed generation. In this way, there is a need for research inherent in the evaluation of the hosting capacity (CH) of photovoltaic (PV) systems, with the objective of guaranteeing the supply of quality electrical energy, as well as the possibility of anticipating local problems of network planning electric. Thus, the present work presents the creation of a methodology to evaluate the CH of PV systems in distribution networks. The analyzes are carried out considering some probability profiles of parameters related to the adoption of PV systems, and the evaluation of the effects. In general, the MMC consists of the possibility of creating several random scenarios, and the position of each PV system is drawn by the software according to the curves of the profiles of consumers with the highest probability of adopting the PV system. The probability curves refer to the link between purchasing power and installed load, consumption, consumer education levels, in addition to the influence of the effect in pairs on possible installation, where the parameter weights were defined using the hierarchy method analytics (AP). The algorithm is implemented in Python programming language, which uses a DLL interface of the Open Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS) software for power flow simulations. The case study is carried out considering a low voltage network, where the weights of each parameter are varied through sensitivity analysis. Subsequently, the possibility of overvoltages is maintained, as this is the most common limiting factor found with the insertion of PV systems. Thus, it is evidenced in the study that the lines that represent higher voltage indicators are located further away from the transformer, demonstrating that the CH is lower at the ends of the feeder section. Furthermore, it is exposed that the reconductor of cables is a mitigation solution for the effects caused by overvoltage.