Tese
Rede social da puérpera e perspectivas para o cuidado à saúde no contexto social da epidemia do HIV
Fecha
2021-12-14Autor
Quadros, Jacqueline Silveira de
Institución
Resumen
The HIV epidemic among women in the pregnancy-puerperal period is strongly associated with
the meaning of moral and social devaluation. Some puerperal women choose to hide their HIV
status, which may restrict their social network and be an obstacle to maintaining their health
care. Social support has the function of reducing the impact of situations that negatively affect
health, being a protective factor in the condition of an illness. Objectives: to analyze the social
network of postpartum women in the social context of the HIV epidemic and the implications
of this network for health care. Qualitative and analytical research developed in the municipality
of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The study participants were six postpartum women
and for data collection, a semi-structured instrument was used for the in-depth interview and
joint elaboration of the participant's social network map from the making of a drawing,
representing people and institutions that helped to maintain the care for your health. The
information from the interviews was analyzed using the thematic analysis method that resulted
in the construction of the category: Prejudice and discrimination in the social context of the
HIV epidemic and the COVID-19 pandemic as potentiators of weaknesses in relationships and
dynamics of the social network of postpartum women. Sanicola's theoretical approach allowed
the understanding of the relational dynamics in which the puerperal woman is inserted,
considering the social context of the HIV epidemic. Social networks were classified as medium
density (three) and low density (two) and the primary social network presented medium
amplitude. In the primary network, the partner and mother-in-law were identified as natural
operators in the network and received emotional and financial support and assistance in daily
tasks and child care, which contributed to the puerperal woman maintaining health care. In the
secondary network, pharmacists, nurses and doctors stood out and the type of support provided
was informative. Regarding physical proximity, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic
potentiated the distance of the puerperal woman with her primary and secondary network. Thus,
when the puerperal woman has support from her partner, mother, other members of the network,
this determines a protective effect for health care. And, when there is a rupture due to prejudice,
discrimination and the enhancement of social isolation by the pandemic, the vulnerability of
the puerperal woman occurs.