Glial cells regulate a wide variety of neuronal functions during physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, the study of glial cells and their association with axons is of paramount importance in order to understand the physiology of the nervous system. This chapter describes a detailed protocol to prepare and stain teased nerve fibers from peripheral nerves using fluorescent indirect immunolabeling and staining with vital dyes. For immunofluorescence analysis, we describe techniques to study the axonal compartment and the expression of cytoplasmic and plasma membrane proteins in Schwann cells. Keywords. Author Keywords:Peripheral nervous system; Schwann cell; Nerve fiber; Immunofluorescence; Teased fibers. KeyWords Plus:AXONAL REGENERATION; DYSTROGLYCAN; CONDUCTION; SEGMENTS; PROMOTESRegular 2015FONDECYTFONDECYT