Nicotine and fluoxetine induce arousing effects on sleep-wake cycle in antidepressive doses: A possible mechanism of antidepressant-like effects of nicotine

Abstract

Previous work has shown that the carotid body glomus cells can function as glucose sensors. The activation of these chemoreceptors, and of its afferent nucleus in the brainstem (solitary tract nucleus - STn), induces rapid changes in blood glucose levels and brain glucose retention. Nitric oxide (NO) in STn has been suggested to play a key role in the processing of baroreceptor signaling initiated in the carotid sinus [1]. However, the relationship between changes in NO in STn and carotid body induced glycemic changes has not been studied. Here we investigated in anesthetized rats how changes in brain glucose retention, induced by the local stimulation of carotid body chemoreceptors with sodium cyanide (NaCN), were affected by modulation of NO levels in STn. We found that NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) micro-injected into STn completely blocked the brain glucose retention reflex induced by NaCN chemoreceptor stimulation. In contrast, NOS inhibitor N?-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) increased brain glucose retention reflex compared to controls or to SNP rats. Interestingly, carotid body stimulation doubled the expression of nNOS in STn, but had no effect in iNOS. NO in STn could function to terminate brain glucose retention induced by carotid body stimulation. The work indicates that NO and STn play key roles in the regulation of brain glucose retention. " 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.",,,,,,"10.1016/j.niox.2011.09.003",,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/43150","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-81755177545&partnerID=40&md5=7da91b1b1ac1f5dad487d85b00687cdd",,,,,,"4",,"Nitric Oxide - Biology and Chemistry",,"387

395",,"25",,"Scopus

WOS",,,,,,"idergic drugs; nNOS gene",,,,,,"Nitric oxide infused in the solitary tract nucleus blocks brain glucose retention induced by carotid chemoreceptor stimulation",,"Article" "44918","123456789/35008",,"Massey, D.S., Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico; Pren, K.A., Departamento de Sociología y Políticas Públicas, Universidad de Princeton, United States; Durand, J., Universidad de Pennsylvania, United States",,"Massey, D.S.

Pren, K.A.

Durand, J.",,"2009",,"The history of Mexico-U.S. migration is characterized by a series of discrete phases during which levels and patterns of migration change primarily in response to shifts in U.S. policies. The late 1990s witnessed the onset of the latest shift, moving Mexican immigration from the era of contradiction to the era of marginalization. At present a large majority of Mexicans living in the United States lie outside the full protection of the law during a period in which the penalties for illegality have grown and the persecution of unauthorized immigrants has reached record levels. Increasingly Mexicans in the United States cut off from their homeland by a militarized border but estranged from American society by anti-immigrant policies, practices, and attitudes, putting them in an unusually marginalized and vulnerable position.",,,,,,,,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/43139","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-76349090952&partnerID=40&md5=3f582bd234d56645d5feb91397359fb2",,,,,,"61",,"Papeles de Poblacion",,"101

128",,"15",,"Scopus",,,,,,"Anti-inmigrant politics; Counter-terrorism; Discrimination; Documented migration; International migration; Mexico; Temporary workers; United states",,,,,,"New scenarios of Mexico-United States migration; the consequences of the antiimmigrant war [Nuevos escenarios de la migración méxico-estados unidos. Las consecuencias de la guerra antiinmigrante]",,"Article" "44924","123456789/35008",,"Vázquez-Palacios, G., Academy of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México-San Lorenzo Tezonco, Av. Prolongacion San Isidro 151, Col. San Lorenzo Tezonco, Deleg., Iztapalapa, CP 09790, Mexico; Hernández-González, M., Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco Quevedo 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, CP 44130 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Guevara Pérez, M.- ., Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco Quevedo 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, CP 44130 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Bonilla-Jaime, H., Behavioral and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Department of Reproductive Biology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, CP 09340, Mexico",,"Vazquez-Palacios, G.

Hernandez-Gonzalez, M.

Guevara Perez, M.-A.

Bonilla-Jaime, H.",,"2010",,"A number of studies have reported an association between smoking and depression, and several reports suggest that nicotine (NIC) may act as an antidepressant. The present study was designed to determine whether the effects of NIC on sleep-wake patterns in rats are similar to those of the antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Male rats were chronically implanted with a standard set of electrodes for sleep recording. We compared the effects of antidepressive doses of NIC, FLX and the combination of both drugs on sleep-wake pattern in rats subjected to one day, one week and two weeks of administration, as well as after the withdrawal of the two-week treatment. The changes observed in our study in an 8-h sleep recording period during one day, one week and two weeks of NIC administration are very similar to those observed in the rats that received FLX, which led to a decrease in both slow wave sleep II and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep as a consequence of an increase in wakefulness. In addition, all treatments also induced a significant lengthening of REM sleep latency onset. These data suggest that the antidepressant-like action of NIC could be caused by its arousing properties. " 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.