SAR-CoV-2 en América, una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre la efectividad de las estrategias de intervención no farmaceuticas en la contención del virus

Abstract

Since 2019, SARS-Cov-2 has generated a health crisis situation that has mainly affected health systems, in addition to being considered a pandemic situation by the World Health Organization, having multisector impacts (health, social, economic, political, security and human rights). This document carried out a systematic review of the literature that allowed establishing the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical intervention measures as a strategy to contain the virus and its mortality rate. For this, a qualitative research methodology based on the systematic review of the literature was applied, applying the evidence-based practice approach, with a descriptive-inductive approach. Information was searched in the PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Scielo and Dialnet databases, from which 1223 articles and journals were preselected, to which the established information filtering process was applied, with a selection end of 29 items. The effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical intervention measures focuses on the implementation of compartmental models such us Susceptible, Infectious, Exposed, Recovered, Deaths models, used both post and predictive of the spread of the infectious virus. It is concluded that the evidence shows the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies in containing the virus, but only as a strategy to flatten the contagion curve, however, this reduced the impact on health systems