Caracterización de las infecciones urinarias en neonatos atendidos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos en Los Cobos medical center entre 2019 y 2021

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) represents 8 to 18% of the infections found in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, being associated with high morbidity and long-term complications. Objective: To characterize the population of neonates diagnosed with UTI treated at LosCobos medical center between 2019 and 2021. Methodology: Observational, descriptive study that reviewed as a secondary source the medical records of neonates hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit due to a diagnosis of UTI. The characteristics of the sample were stratified by gestational age, birth weight, and history of urinary malformation. Results: 905 records of neonates attended at the institution were reviewed, of which 36 were hospitalized for UTI; of these, 72% were born by cesarean section, 6% had urogenital malformation corresponding to left pyelic ectasia and bilateral renal pyelectasis, and 63.4% had jaundice. The most frequent microorganism causing UTI was Enterococcus faecalis (22%), the most administered antibiotic was gentamicin with 30%. There was a higher proportion of positive blood cultures in preterm infants. The proportion of urogenital malformation and the median extrauterine age at diagnosis of UTI were similar between the strata by gestational age and birth weight. Fever, although infrequent, occurred in a higher proportion in the group without urogenital malformation (16.7 vs 2.78%). Conclusions: Urogenital malformation was rare in the sample, fever was not a frequent symptom related to the diagnosis of UTI