Validación de contenido de la encuesta de calidad de alimentación del adulto mayor (Ecaam)

Abstract

Background: There are few instruments that evaluate the quality of food of elderly (ED) in the community. Objective: To carry out the content validity of the survey designed to determine the Food Quality Survey of Elderly (FQSE). Material and methods: Based on the existing literature, a questionnaire was designed to evaluate the FQSE. Content validity was performed using the Content Validity Index through the calculation of the Content Validity Ratio of Lawshe. Twenty-eight experts participated in the validation process. Subsequently, the validated survey was applied to ED. Results: Twenty-three questions were validated in content, distributed in the 2 subscales of the instrument. The first 15 questions subscale Healthy eating habits and 8 questions subscale Unhealthy eating habits. The Content Validity Index was 0.85. Four hundred and fifty-eight ED were surveyed. In the subscale of Healthy eating habits, 11.2% of men and 11.4% of women presented healthy eating habits; 54.4% of men and 42.9% of women presented unhealthy eating habits. Finally, in the sum of both scales, only 16.6% of men and 17.6% of women categorize within Good Food Quality. Conclusion: The FQSE survey is a valid instrument in content and easy to apply to EL and allows evaluating and characterizing the quality of the diet of this age group.