Frecuencia de enterobacterias productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido aisladas en urocultivos de pacientes del Hospital Monte Sinaí en el periodo 2020 – 2021

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by the invasion of microorganisms in the urothelial epithelium, which overcome the host innate and acquired immunity barriers. This syndrome depends both on the characteristics of uropathogens (susceptibility, species, etc.) and on the host (age, sex, immunodepression). Is mainly caused by gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae and several of them produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), such as the genus Escherichia spp., Klebsiella spp. and Proteus spp., which confer them resistance to antibiotics like penicillin, cephalosporins and aztreonam. The objective of the research was to determine the frequency of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum betalactamase, isolated from urine cultures of patients in Monte Sinai Hospital in 2020-2021. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted, the sample was purposive and nonprobabilistic. The data were analyzed by means of simple and crossed frequency tables, created in the SPSS and Microsoft Excel statistical software. The results obtained were 3,798 positive urine cultures, the most frequently isolated uropathogens were Enterobacteriaceae with 60.9% (n=2,314), of which 15% (n=349) presented BLEE resistance. The main BLEEproducing bacilli were Escherichia coli (90.8%; n=317), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.6%; n=30) and Proteus mirabilis (0.6% n=2). In conclusion, Escherichia coli was the uropathogen with the highest prevalence of BLEE at Mount Sinai Hospital, predominantly in females, in patients over 60 years of age and in outpatient services.