Definição dos parâmetros de tratamento térmico do mel de abelhas sem ferrão Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille, 1811) em função dos níveis de hidroximetilfurfural

Abstract

Stingless or meliponine bees are the most diverse group of social bees and are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Among these ASF is Tetragonisca angustula, it is a very easy bee to find, mainly because it can build its nest in various cavities, such as inside bricks in man-made walls, in addition to their ecological and economic importance. Its honey is much appreciated for its mild taste, as well as its aroma and sweetness, as well as reaching high prices in the market. Honey stands out for its numerous organic compounds, enzymes, flavonoids and phenolic compounds responsible for its therapeutic properties and natural antioxidants and also for its high nutritional value and high consumer acceptability, mainly because it is considered a therapeutic product, favorable to health and It is a very complex biological product whose quality and physicochemical composition vary markedly depending on the flora visited, the climatic and soil conditions of the region where it is produced, as well as the management of the beekeeper. Quality control is of paramount importance for the product to be marketed with its protected natural properties, which have attributes that help its use and have a convenient conservation and appearance, for this we have a honey quality indicator, hydroxymethylfurfural that It is a secondary cyclic aldehyde compound generated by dehydration of fructose in acid medium, the degree of aging and also during heat treatment. The level of HMF may vary according to bee species, management and production techniques, region, climate and warming, but honey warming is required to decrystalize, reduce microbial flora and facilitate processing. The objective of the present study was to apply the heat treatment parameters of Apis Mellifera provided for in Ordinance No. 06 of July 25, 1985 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) in five samples from different regions of the Paraná state of ASF and verify the veracity of this treatment for ASF Tetragonisca Angustula honey. The heat treatment for honey samples from the ASF samples treated at 470, 170 and 60 minutes showed higher HMF formation. However, the most effective treatments were 22, 7.5, 2.8 and 1.0 minutes and 24 seconds at temperatures 59.5, 65.5, 68 and 71.1 ºC, respectively.