The ITS-2 of the nuclear rDNA as a molecular marker for populations, species, and phylogenetic relationships in Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), vectors of Chagas disease

Abstract

Purpose: This study examined the influence of five types of impairments in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI)-and caregiver stress due to these impairments-on the mental health of family caregivers in Guadalajara, Mexico. Method: Ninety caregivers completed measures of TBI impairments and of their own mental health. The majority were female (92.20%) with a mean age of 47.12 years (SD=12.67). Caregivers dedicated a median of 50 hours weekly to caregiving and had spent a median of 11 months providing care. Results: Two canonical correlation analyses suggested that these two sets of variables were broadly related, such that more severe impairments in individuals with TBI and more caregiver stress due to those impairments were associated with lower caregiver mental health. Across both analyses, social impairments were most associated with increased caregiver burden. Follow-up analyses also uncovered that caregiver stress due to cognitive impairments was uniquely associated with caregiver burden and anxiety. Conclusions: These results are the first to provide evidence that social and cognitive impairments in individuals with TBI from Latin America are the impairments most associated with caregiver mental health and highlight the need for interventions that target social and cognitive functioning. " 2013 Informa UK Ltd.",,,,,,"10.3109/02699052.2013.812243",,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/45186","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84884192157&partnerID=40&md5=cab44475bd133a0cbdd16760000f7e08",,,,,,"11",,"Brain Injury",,"1287

1293",,"27",,"Scopus

WOS",,,,,,"Caregiver; Cultural; Traumatic brain injury",,,,,,"The influence of TBI impairments on family caregiver mental health in Mexico",,"Article" "46977","123456789/35008",,"Marcilla, A., Departamento De Parasitologia, Facultad De Farmacia, Universidad De Valencia, Av. Vicente Andres Estelles s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Bargues, M.D., Departamento De Parasitologia, Facultad De Farmacia, Universidad De Valencia, Av. Vicente Andres Estelles s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Ramsey, J.M., Centro De Investigaciones Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional De Salud Publica, Av. Univ. 655, Col. S. Ma. Ahuacati., 62508, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico; Magallon-Gastelum, E., Departamento De Salud Publica, Centro Universitario De Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad De Guadalajara, Aptdo. Postal 4-119, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Salazar-Schettino, P.M., Laboratorio Biologia De Parasitos, Departamento De Microbiologia Y Parasitologia, Facultad De Medicina, U.N.A.M., Mexico, D.F, Mexico; Abad-Franch, F., Instituto Juan Cesar García Fundacion Internacional De Ciencias Sociales Y Salud, Casilla Postal 17-1106292, Quito, Ecuador, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1 E7HT, United Kingdom; Dujardin, J.-P., UMR IRD/ORSTOM-CNRS 9926, Institut De Recherche Pour Le Developpement (IRD), Av. Agropolis 911, 34032, Montpellier Cedex 1, France; Schofield, C.J., Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1 E7HT, United Kingdom; Mas-Coma, S., Departamento De Parasitologia, Facultad De Farmacia, Universidad De Valencia, Av. Vicente Andres Estelles s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain",,"Marcilla, A.

Bargues, M.D.

Ramsey, J.M.

Magallon-Gastelum, E.

Salazar-Schettino, P.M.

Abad-Franch, F.

Dujardin, J.-P.

Schofield, C.J.

Mas-Coma, S.",,"2001",,"The nucleotide sequences of the rDNA second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) of 31 populations of 12 and 3 species of the two main Triatominae tribes Triatomini and Rhodniini, including the most important Chagas disease vectors, were obtained. Sequence comparisons and parsimony, distance, and maximum-likelihood analyses indicate that ITS-2 is a useful marker for resolving supraspecific, specific, subspecific, and even sometimes population-level relationships in Triatominae. Results were markedly different between species of Triatomini and Rhodniini, suggesting polyphyly. Phylogenetic trees support an old divergence between South American and North-Central American Triatomini and query the validity of some genera (Dipetalogaster, Psammolestes). The very low sequence variation between species of the phyllosoma complex suggests that subspecific ranking would be more appropriate. Triatoma dimidiata proves to be a clearly differentiated species, with several populations evidencing a clinal variation along a north-south axis and a population from Yucatan showing differences consistent with specific status. " 2001 Academic Press.