Article
Chitosan improves insulin sensitivity as determined by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique in obese subjects
Fecha
2007Autor
Moya-Raygoza, G.
Institución
Resumen
Native parasitoids of the adult Mexican corn leafhopper, Dalbulus elimatus (Ball), and corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (Delong and Wolcott), are described and their rates of parasitism on maize, Zea mays L., common barley, Hordeum vulgare L., and sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae) in central Mexico are determined. The survey was conducted throughout an annual cycle, with sampling of the previous season's crops when they were available. Leafhoppers showing evidence of parasitism were reared individually in the laboratory to obtain adult parasitoids. Adult D. elimatus were parasitized on winter maize, barley, and sorghum by the fly Eudorylas subopacus (Loew) (Diptera: Pipunculidae) and the wasp Gonatopus bartletti Olmi (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), whereas adult D. maidis were parasitized by these fly and wasp parasitoids on winter maize only. The highest rates of parasitism of D. elimatus by E. subopacus were 57.4% on maize, 39.6% on barley, and 48.8% on sorghum. The highest rate of parasitism of D. maidis by E. subopacus was 20.4% on maize. In contrast, the highest rates of parasitism of D. elimatus by G. bartletti were 9.4% on maize, 2.7% on barley, and 25.8% on sorghum. The highest rate of parasitism of D. maidis by G. bartletti was 7.1% on maize. These results indicate that winter crops are habitats of E. subopacus and G. bartletti during the winter season. This is the first report of D. elimatus and D. maidis being parasitized by E. subopacus and of D. elimatus being parasitized by G. bartletti. " 2007 Entomological Society of Canada.",,,,,,,,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/43033","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34948888826&partnerID=40&md5=04465b711c5f112dfeffbbe8f09d8356 http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n06-053",,,,,,"5",,"Canadian Entomologist",,"722 727",,"139",,"Scopus BioOne WOS",,,,,,,,,,,,"Native parasitoids of Dalbulus elimatus and Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in winter crops of central Mexico",,"Article"
"41807","123456789/35008",,"Hernández-González, S.O., Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital, Medical Unit of High Specialty, West National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, 44349 Guadalajara, Mexico; González-Ortiz, M., Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital, Medical Unit of High Specialty, West National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, 44349 Guadalajara, Mexico, Cardiovascular Research Unit, Physiology Department, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, 44380 Guadalajara, Mexico; Martínez-Abundis, E., Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital, Medical Unit of High Specialty, West National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, 44349 Guadalajara, Mexico, Cardiovascular Research Unit, Physiology Department, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, 44380 Guadalajara, Mexico; Robles-Cervantes, J.A., Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital, Medical Unit of High Specialty, West National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, 44349 Guadalajara, Mexico",,"Hernandez-Gonzalez, S.O. Gonzalez-Ortiz, M. Martinez-Abundis, E. Robles-Cervantes, J.A.",,"2010",,"In accordance with obesity is associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia and chitosan decrease weight and lipids, but its effect on insulin sensitivity is unknown. Our hypothesis for the research was that chitosan improves insulin sensitivity estimated with the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique in obesity. We undertook this study with the objective to determine the effect of chitosan on insulin sensitivity using the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique in obese patients during a 3-month period. A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was carried out in 12 obese adults without diabetes mellitus. During a 3-month period, 6 patients received chitosan (750 mg, 3 times per day) 30 minutes before meals, and the other 6 subjects received placebo. Serum glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) were measured. Insulin sensitivity was estimated with the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique before and after the intervention. Insulin sensitivity increased significantly with the administration of chitosan (2.4 1.4 vs 3.6 1.4 mg kg-1 min-1; P = .043). In addition, there was a decrease in weight (90.7 14.2 vs 84.7 13.7 kg; P = .027), body mass index (34.3 2.7 vs 31.6 2.2 kg/m2; P = .028), waist circumference (106 12 vs 99 9 cm; P = .028) and TG (2.4 0.9 vs 1.6 0.9 mmol/L; P = .028) in the chitosan group. In conclusion, 3-month administration of chitosan increased insulin sensitivity in obese patients and demonstrated a decrease in weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and TG. " 2010 Elsevier Inc.