Background and Rationale: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a lipophilic group of pollutants that persist in the atmosphere for long periods, constituting a permanent source of exposure for humans. They have been associated, for a long time, with the risk in developing breast cancer, but there are still unresolved questions. Conclusion: Integrated strategies are required that should consider molecular and population-level studies, to understand and elaborate approaches to prevent the risks in developing breast cancer.