Artículo de revista
Assessing cognitive control and the reward system in overweight young adults using sensitivity to incentives and white matter integrity
Fecha
2020Registro en:
PLoS ONE 15 (6): e0233915
10.1371/journal.pone.0233915
Autor
Reyes García, Sussanne
Rimkus, Carolina de Medeiros
Lozoff, Betzy
Biswal, Bharat B.
Peirano Campos, Patricio
Algarin Crespo, Cecilia
Institución
Resumen
Cognitive control and incentive sensitivity are related to overeating and obesity. Optimal
white matter integrity is relevant for an efficient interaction among reward-related brain
regions. However, its relationship with sensitivity to incentives remains controversial. The
aim of this study was to assess the incentive sensitivity and its relationship to white matter
integrity in normal-weight and overweight groups. Seventy-six young adults participated in
this study: 31 were normal-weight (body mass index [BMI] 18.5 to < 25.0 kg/m2, 14 females)
and 45 were overweight (BMI � 25.0 kg/m2, 22 females). Incentive sensitivity was assessed
using an antisaccade task that evaluates the effect of incentives (neutral, reward, and loss
avoidance) on cognitive control performance. Diffusion tensor imaging studies were performed
to assess white matter integrity. The relationship between white matter microstructure
and incentive sensitivity was investigated through tract-based spatial statistics. Behavioral
antisaccade results showed that normal-weight participants presented higher accuracy (78.0
vs. 66.7%, p = 0.01) for loss avoidance incentive compared to overweight participants. Diffusion
tensor imaging analysis revealed a positive relationship between fractional anisotropy
and loss avoidance accuracy in the normal-weight group (p < 0.05). No relationship reached
significance in the overweight group. These results support the hypothesis that white matter
integrity is relevant for performance in an incentivized antisaccade task.