Enormous advances have been made in the recent years in regard to the mechanisms and neural circuits by which odors are sensed and perceived. Part of this understanding has been gained from parallel studies in insects and ...

The five senses have had a fundamental importance for survival and socialization of human beings. From an evolutionary point of view the sense of smell is the oldest. This sense has a strong representation within the genome, ...

The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (SIT) is the most cited olfactory test in the literature because it is easy to perform and there is high test-retest reliability. There were no standardized olfaction ...

Olfactory perception initiates in the nasal epithelium wherefrom olfactory receptor neurons-expressing the same receptor protein-project and converge in two different glomeruli within each olfactory bulb. Recent evidence ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine somesthetic, olfactory, gustative and salivary abnormalities in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS), idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN) and trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). SUBJECTS ...

Olfactory perception plays an important role in food flavor. Humans have around 400 odorant receptors (ORs), which can be activated by an enormous number of odorants in a combinatorial fashion. To date, only a few odorant ...