DELARIVA, Rosilene Luciana; AGOSTINHO, Angelo Antonio. Introdução de espécies: uma síntese comentada. Acta Scientiarum, Maringá, v.21, n.2, p.255-262, 1999.In this review, some aspects of species introduction and transference into different environment, giving emphasis to the historical background, the process and the way in which the species were introduced, as well as some examples of impacts that this practice may cause to native communities are presented and discussed. Since man quit being nomad, he started a trace of species movement that stamp civilizations in all ecosystems, modifying the species natural distribution. At the moment, with the increasing demand for food and the facilities provided by the transportation means, this practice has become even more exacerbate, increasing the risks of species disappearance and extinction.Nesta revisão, são apresentados e discutidos alguns aspectos da introdução e da transferência de espécies em diferentes ambientes, dando ênfase ao histórico, aos processos, e ao modo como as espécies foram introduzidas, além de alguns exemplos de impactos que essa pratica pode causar sobre as comunidades nativas. Desde que o homem deixou de ser nômade, ele iniciou uma trilha de movimentação de espécies que deixou marcas das civilizações em todos os ecossistemas, modificando a distribuição natural das espécies. Atualmente, com a crescente demanda por alimentos e as facilidades proporcionadas pelos meios de transporte, essa prática tornou-se ainda mais exacerbada, aumentando os riscos de desaparecimento e extinção de espécies. Abstract: In this review, some aspects of species introduction and transference into different environment, giving emphasis to the historical background, the process and the way in which the species were introduced, as well as some examples of impacts that this practice may cause to native communities are presented and discussed. Since man quit being nomad, he started a trace of species movement that stamp civilizations in all ecosystems, modifying the species natural distribution. At the moment, with the increasing demand for food and the facilities provided by the transportation means, this practice has become even more exacerbate, increasing the risks of species disappearance and extinction.