Cap??tulo de livro
30 years of the Goiania accident
Essays on nuclear energy and radioactive waste management
Autor
SMITH, RICARDO B.
VICENTE, ROBERTO
Resumen
The year 2017 marks 30 years since the radioactive accident
that occurred in the city of Goiania, capital of the state of Goias. It was
the largest radiological accident in Brazil, and one of the largest in the
world occurring outside nuclear facilities. Regarding the accidents at
nuclear power plants, two of the biggest were Chernobyl in Ukraine, a
year and a half before Goiania, and the Fukushima accident in Japan,
in 2011. Different amounts of radioactive material were dispersed in
the environment in each of these events. However, each one???s main
pathway of dispersion was different: the accident of Goiania was
terrestrial, Chernobyl was at the atmosphere, and Fukushima was
mainly in the ocean. This work aims to study these different amounts,
comparing such activities. In addition, it proposes to compare the
sea dispersion of Fukushima with the amount of radioactive waste
dumped in the oceans, when the release of radioactive waste at
sea was permitted. It also proposes to compare the Chernobyl
aerial dispersion with the radioactive material dissipated in the
atmosphere, resulting from the more than 500 atmospheric nuclear
tests conducted between 1945 and 1962 by the United States, the
former Soviet Union, England, France and China.