Artigo
Synthesis of polymetallic nanoparticles from spent lithium-ion batteries and application in the removal of reactive blue 4 dye
Autor
Nascimento, Mayra A.
Cruz, Jean C.
Oliveira, André F. de
Lopes, Renata P.
Rodrigues, Guilherme D.
Institución
Resumen
In this study inedited polymetallic nanoparticles were synthesized from electronic wastes of spent lithium-ion batteries (PN-LIB) and applied in the removal of the dye reactive blue 4 (RB4). Initially, the extraction of metals from batteries was performed using HCl/HNO3 (3:1 v/v). Subsequently, the PN-LIB were synthesized via chemical reduction with NaBH4. The PN-LIB showed spherical shape and size smaller than 50 nm, being constituted by Cu, Co, Ni, and Mn. The surface area was estimated at 92.29 m2 g−1 and the volume and average size of pores in 0.25 cm3 g−1 and 5.84 nm, respectively. The X-Rays diffractogram presented characteristic peaks of the Cu0. The PN-LIB were applied in the removal of the RB4 dye, in which the effects caused by the variables initial pH, dose of PN-LIB and initial concentration of dye in the removal process were evaluated. There was no significant effect of initial pH on the RB4 removal, since, a natural increase of this parameter occurred in the system and maintained at pH about 8.5. The rate of removal increases with the increase in the dose of PN-LIB and with the reduction of the initial concentration of dye. The experimental data were adjusted to the kinetic model of pseudo-second order and the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum capacity of removal, was calculated as being equal to 344.83 mg g−1. The molecular absorption spectra in the UV/Vis region and the infrared spectra indicated that two phenomena happen, adsorption and degradation of the dye.