This study’s objective was to describe the aspects related to the motivations, thoughts, and suicidal ideation experiences among Brazilian adolescents. A rapid synthesis of qualitative evidence was performed. The search was performed in MEDLINE databases (by PubMed), EMBASE (by Elsevier), LILACS (by VHL), PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. The main descriptors used were "suicidal ideation", "adolescent" and "Brazil". Studies that addressed suicidal ideation in Brazilian adolescents, irrespective of language or publication date were included. To measure research quality, the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist instrument was used. Two independent researchers selected articles and divergences were resolved by consensus. Of 3.496 identified articles, four studies were included after initial screening and full reading. The main motivations for suicidal ideation were fragile bonds, depression, and lack of affection. The predominant feelings were loneliness, sadness, helplessness, and hopelessness. Thoughts related to the belief that one is alone in the world and to not seeing a solution to one’s sufferings and conflicts have been reported as related. Suicidal ideation may be an important phenomenon among Brazilian adolescents, requiring society’s attention, especially by academics and the government, to expand the base of qualitative evidence and discussion of preventative public policy for suicide.