This study analyzed the association between air pollution and Hospital Admissions from Cardiovascular Diseases considering differential susceptibility in the elderly. The authors used daily Hospital Admissions from Cardiovascular Diseases (ICD-10, I00-I99), PM10, SO2, and O3 levels, and meteorological indicators in Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, from January 2002 to December 2006. The association was estimated by Poisson regression using generalized additive models, where the increase in risk of Hospital Admissions from PM10 to lag 3 was 3.84% (95% CI 0.40 to 7.40%; p-value = 0.03) in only elderly people. For exposure to SO2 and O3, the risk was not significant neither in the total population and nor in the elderly. The results of this study together the others published in the same territory demonstrate a significant degree of environmental vulnerability and health risk of the local population associated to air pollution.