In spite of the expectation that the development of vaccines would help in the control of some of the main transmissible diseases in Brazil, which are responsible for a large share of endemic illness in the country, efficient and safe vaccines against no less serious contagious diseases are available, yet underutilized. The reason is simple: some vaccines are not included in the National Immunization Program (PNI) and are thus not the object of government campaigns. Despite the competence with which the National Health Foundation has acted – through the PNI – in reducing prevalence of diseases such as diphteria, whooping cough, measles, and polio, lack of information and prejudice make several vaccines inaccessible to a major share of the Brazilian population. Since the government – through its vaccination campaigns – exerts the most important influence on public opinion in this area, a vaccine procedure which is not the object of such campaigns will obviously not become part of popular culture. The result of this lack of information is that the population fails to utilize vaccines against such diseases as rubella, mumps, and hepatitis B or against Haemophilus influenza type b and pneumococcus infections. We therefore argue for information on the existence and availability of these vaccines, so that not only the part of the population that has access to private medicine can benefit, but mainly so that pressure can be brought to bear on the government for all public health care services to supply them to the neediest portion of the population. We suggest that strategies for the socialization of immunoprophylatics should be defined with participation by all segments of society, incorporating measures such as the gradual expansion of the National Immunization Program, coverage of vaccine costs by health insurance policies, and granting of fiscal incentives to companies that vaccinate their employees and families. Finally, we propose a struggle against the prejudice surrounding participation by private initiative in collective health actions, as well as defense of the interaction between private and public sectors in all aspects of health throughout Brazil.