This Supplement of Cadernos de Saúde Pública/Reports in Public Health on Social Determinants of Health (SDH) features articles on various themes in SDH, with different conceptual perspectives and methodological approaches. The issue includes original studies on mortality, perinatal care, health services utilization, oral health, self-rated health, and violence, among others. The studies were supported by the Department of Science and Technology under the Brazilian Ministry of Health (DECIT/MS), in partnership with the National Research Council (CNPq) and the National Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CNDSS).