Article
Low prevalence of influenza A strains with resistance markers in Brazil during 2017–2019 seasons
Registro en:
SOUSA, Thiago das Chagas et al. Low prevalence of influenza A strains with resistance markers in Brazil during 2017–2019 seasons. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 944277, p. 1 - 9, Sept. 2022.
2296-2565
10.3389/fpubh.2022.944277
Autor
Sousa, Thiago das Chagas
Martins, Jessica Santa Cruz Carvalho
Miranda, Milene Dias
Garcia, Cristiana Couto
Resende, Paola Cristina
Santos, Cliomar A.
Debur, Maria do Carmo
Rodrigues, Rodrigo Ribeiro
Cavalcanti, Andrea Cony
Gregianini, Tatiana Schäffer
Iani, Felipe Campos de Melo
Pereira, Felicidade Mota
Fernandes, Sandra Bianchini
Ferreira, Jessylene de Almeida
Santos, Katia Correa de Oliveira
Motta, Fernando
Brown, David
Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de
Siqueira, Marilda Mendonça
Matos, Aline da Rocha
Resumen
The influenza A virus (IAV) is of a major public health concern as it causes
annual epidemics and has the potential to cause pandemics. At present, the
neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are the most widely used anti-influenza drugs,
but, more recently, the drug baloxavir marboxil (BXM), a polymerase inhibitor,
has also been licensed in some countries. Mutations in the viral genes that
encode the antiviral targets can lead to treatment resistance. Worldwide, a
low prevalence of antiviral resistant strains has been reported. Despite that,
this situation can change rapidly, and resistant strain surveillance is a priority.
Thus, the aim of this was to evaluate Brazilian IAVs antiviral resistance from
2017 to 2019 through the identification of viral mutations associated with
reduced inhibition of the drugs and by testing the susceptibility of IAV isolates
to oseltamivir (OST), the most widely used NAI drug in the country. Initially, we analyzed 282 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and 455 A(H3N2) genetic sequences
available on GISAID. The amino acid substitution (AAS) NA:S247N was detected
in one A(H1N1)pdm09 strain.We also identifiedNA:I222V (n=6) andNA:N329K
(n = 1) in A(H3N2) strains. In addition, we performed a molecular screening for
NA:H275Y in 437 A(H1N1)pdm09 samples, by pyrosequencing, which revealed
a single virus harboring this mutation. Furthermore, the determination of OST
IC50 values for 222 A(H1N1)pdm09 and 83 A(H3N2) isolates revealed that all
isolates presented a normal susceptibility profile to the drug. Interestingly, we
detected one A(H3N2) virus presenting with PA:E119D AAS. Moreover, the
majority of the IAV sequences had the M2:S31N adamantanes resistantmarker.
In conclusion, we show a low prevalence of Brazilian IAV strains with NAI
resistance markers, in accordance with what is reported worldwide, indicating
that NAIs still remain an option for the treatment of influenza infections in
Brazil. However, surveillance of influenza resistance should be strengthened
in the country for improving the representativeness of investigated viruses and
the robustness of the analysis.