During Schistosoma mansoni infection, there is morphological evidence of involvement of various hematopoietic growth factors, which cause eosinophil, neutrophil, megakaryocytic and erythroid extramedullary foci in the liver, lymph nodes and omental and mesenteric milky spots. While the eosinophil metaplasia in the periphery of hepatic granulomas roughly reproduced the intensity of the medullary eosinopoiesis, the neutrophil metaplasia, on the contrary, was more intense during the period of neutrophil depression in the bone marrow. This fact suggests that extramedullary hematopoietic foci are locally regulated, and amplify and/or compensate the systemic hematopoietic response during the infection.