Hacia un sistema regional de transporte como estrategia urbano-territorial en la Orinoquia

Abstract

This work addresses the problem of disconnection in terms of transportation that is presented in the cities of Los Llanos Orientales between themselves and the rest of the country. This situation has historical and geographical reasons, such as centralism and spatial distance; however, the current transport policies by the Colombian State do not seem to provide an adequate solution to the problem. Indeed, the document “Mission System of Cities. A national policy for the Colombian system of cities with a long-term vision” defines a system of regional development axes for Colombia where the llanera cities persist in the same marginality, subordinated to Bogota. This is due to the fact that their territorial planning methodology is based on road transportation, assuming that the axes are established between 1 hour away cities. On the other hand, the national policy on rail transport neither consider it extension to the region of Los Llanos. The present research studies how the llanera cities would be related between themselves and the rest of the country if a regional transport system based on the train were proposed. To do this, we assume a methodology similar to the "Mission City System", but changing the mean of transportation, so that every component of the city system is at a space/time distance of approximately 1 hour from another. Additionally, based on a comparative analysis with international references of cities with a successful transport-oriented development, we define the desirable demographic growth for the llanera cities as well as a new focus of urban development in the region: Orocué. As a result, we define a regional system of transportation centered by the train but adding other means of transportations. Additionally, we present a model of growing for Orocué based on transportation. This research is inserted transversally in the two lines of deepening knowledge of the Faculty of Architecture -Sustainability and Territory- as it aims at the development of a more efficient and sustainable territorial model.