Comparação entre métodos de classificação para elaboração de mapas de uso e ocupação da terra do município da Campina do Monte Alegre

Abstract

This work aimed to characterize land use and occupation in Campina do Monte Alegre (SP), comparing two classification methods based on the use of geotechnologies. In this context, software ArcGIS version 10.4.1 and QGIS version 3.26.3 were used for data processing and presentation of results. One of the methodologies chosen was the classification based on the Dzetsaka Classification Tool, which automatically classifies land use and occupation. Another methodology was the manual classification by photointerpretation, delimiting the land use and occupation classes. CBERS-4A images, obtained at the National Institute for Space Research (INPE), were used for the two classification methods. The areas were quantified in metric units and percentages, with the following classes established in the work: agricultural activity, native vegetation, exposed soil, urbanization and body of water. An analysis was carried out in relation to the Law for the Protection of Native Vegetation (LPVN) in order to make a diagnosis of the Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs). The indices used to evaluate the classification indicate that the quality of the automatic classification is not satisfactory considering the size and level of detail required for the area under study. In this work it was possible to verify that, regardless of the chosen program, the result of the research will not be affected, therefore the free software works perfectly in obtaining the products/maps listed here. For the mapping of the Municipality of Campina do Monte Alegre, the most viable option is the photo interpretation, considering that the size of the municipality allows the use of this method. Finally, it was possible to prove that the municipality has irregularities (environmental liabilities) in relation to the permanent preservation area related to watercourses.