The simultaneous detection of tartrazine (TZ) and sunset yellow (SY) using a carbon paste?decorated neodymium (III) oxide electrode (NdOx/CPE) is reported for the first time in this work. The surface properties of the NdOx/CPE were studied by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The anodic peak currents for TZ and SY increased by more than 60?%, and the anodic peak potentials for TZ and SY were observed at potential values less positive than those of the carbon paste without NdOX. Under the optimal parameters (pH?3.0; accumulation time tACC 30?s; and accumulation potential EACC 0.10?V), the detection limits for TZ and SY observation were 0.02??mol?L?1 (10.6??g?L?1) and 0.09??mol?L?1 (40.6??g?L?1), respectively. The new sensor was sensitive, stable, easily manufactured, and very convenient for the detection of TZ and SY in food samples and pharmaceutical materials and provided consistent results.