Resumen: procurando prestigiar a su patria, Estanislao S. Zeballos desde su visita al Vaticano en 1904 trató de que un prelado argentino fuese hecho cardenal. Cuando fue ministro de Relaciones Exteriores en 1906-1908 negoció con la Santa Sede en tal sentido, pero sus gestiones fracasaron porque ésta no apreciaba el progreso de la Argentina. En 1923, pocos meses antes de su muerte, Zeballos publicó un folleto con los principales documentos de sus frustradas tratativas, con la esperanza de reflotar su proyecto. Sin embargo, el primer Cardenal argentino fue creado en el consistorio del 16 de diciembre de 1935.Abstract: aiming at gaining prestige for his homeland, since his visit to the Vatican in 1904, Estanislao S. Zeballos had been trying that an Argentine bishop be appointed Cardinal.. As Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1906-1908, he conducted some negotiations with the Holy See for such purpose, but his attempts failed since the Holy See did not appreciate the progress made by Argentina. In 1923, a few months before his death, Zeballos published a booklet with the main documents of his unsuccessful negotiations, hoping to resume his project. However, the first Argentine Cardinal was appointed in the consistory held on december 16, 1935.