Artículo
Epidemiologic and virologic assessment of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic on selected temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere: Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand and South Africa
Registro en:
10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00249.x
Autor
Van Kerkhove, Maria D
Mounts, Anthony W
Mall, Sabine
Vandemaele, Katelijn A H
Chamberland, Mary
dos Santos, Thais
Fitzner, Julia
Widdowson, Marc-Alain
Michalove, Jennifer
Bresee, Joseph
Olsen, Sonja J
Quick, Linda
Baumeister, Elsa
Carlino, Luis O
Savy, Vilma L.
Uez, Osvaldo
Owen, Rhonda
Ghani, Fatima
Paterson, Bev
Forde, Andrea
Fasce, Rodrigo A
Torres, Graciela
Andrade, Winston
Bustos, Patricia L.
Mora, Judith
Gonzalez, Claudia
Olea, Andrea
Sotomayor, Viviana
Najera De Ferrari, Manuel
Burgos, Alejandra
Hunt, Darren
Huang, Q Sue
Jennings, Lance C
Macfarlane, Malcolm
Lopez, Liza D
McArthur, Colin
Cohen, Cheryl
Archer, Brett Nicholas
Blumberg, Lucille
Cengimbo, Ayanda
Makunga, Chuma
McAnerney, Jo
Msimang, Veerle
Naidoo, Dhamari
Puren, Adrian
Schoub, Barry
Thomas, Juno
Venter, Marietjie
Resumen
Fil: Van Kerkhove, Maria D. World Health Organization; Reino Unido. Fil: Mounts, Anthony W. World Health Organization; Reino Unido. Fil: Mall, Sabine. World Health Organization; Reino Unido. Fil: Vandemaele, Katelijn A H. World Health Organization; Reino Unido. Fil: Chamberland, Mary. World Health Organization; Reino Unido. Fil: dos Santos, Thais. World Health Organization; Reino Unido. Fil: Fitzner, Julia. World Health Organization; Reino Unido. Fil: Widdowson, Marc-Alain. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados Unidos. Fil: Michalove, Jennifer. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados Unidos. Fil: Bresee, Joseph. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados Unidos. Fil: Olsen, Sonja J. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados Unidos. Fil: Quick, Linda. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados Unidos. Fil: Baumeister, Elsa. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina. Fil: Carlino, Luis O. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; Argentina. Fil: Savy, Vilma. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina. Fil: Uez, Osvaldo. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Epidemiología; Argentina. Fil: Owen, Rhonda. Department of Health and Ageing. Influenza Surveillance Section. Surveillance Branch. Office of Health Protection; Australia. Fil: Ghani, Fatima. Department of Health and Ageing. Influenza Surveillance Section. Surveillance Branch. Office of Health Protection; Australia. Fil: Paterson, Bev. Department of Health and Ageing. Influenza Surveillance Section. Surveillance Branch. Office of Health Protection; Australia. Fil: Forde, Andrea. Department of Health and Ageing. Office of Health Protection; Australia. Fil: Fasce, Rodrigo. Instituto de Salud Publica de Chile. Sección Virus Respiratorios y Exantematicos. Subdepartamento Virología Clínica; Chile. Fil: Torres, Graciela. Instituto de Salud Publica de Chile. Sección Virus Respiratorios y Exantematicos. Subdepartamento Virología Clínica; Chile. Fil: Andrade, Winston. Instituto de Salud Publica de Chile. Sección Virus Respiratorios y Exantematicos. Subdepartamento Virología Clínica; Chile. Fil: Bustos, Patricia. Instituto de Salud Publica de Chile. Sección Virus Respiratorios y Exantematicos. Subdepartamento Virología Clínica; Chile. Fil: Mora, Judith. Instituto de Salud Publica de Chile. Sección Virus Respiratorios y Exantematicos. Subdepartamento Virología Clínica; Chile. Fil: González, Claudia. Ministerio de Salud de Chile. División de Planificación Sanitaria. Departamento de Epidemiología; Chile. Fil: Olea, Andrea. Ministerio de Salud de Chile. División de Planificación Sanitaria. Departamento de Epidemiología; Chile. Fil: Sotomayor, Viviana. Ministerio de Salud de Chile. División de Planificación Sanitaria. Departamento de Epidemiología; Chile. Fil: Najera De Ferrari, Manuel. Ministerio de salud de Chile. Subsecretaría de Salud Pública. Departamento de Epidemiología. Unidad de Estudios; Chile. Fil: Burgos, Alejandra. Ministerio de salud de Chile. Subsecretaría de Salud Pública. Departamento de Epidemiología. Unidad de Estudios; Chile. Fil: Hunt, Darren. New Zealand Ministry of Health; Nueva Zelanda. Fil: Huang, Q Sue. World Health Organization National Influenza Centre. Institute of Environmental Science and Research; Nueva Zelanda. Fil: Jennings, Lance C. University of Otago. Canterbury Health Laboratories and Pathology Department; Nueva Zelanda. Fil: Macfarlane, Malcolm. New Zealand Ministry of Health; Nueva Zelanda. Fil: López, Liza D. World Health Organization National Influenza Centre. Institute of Environmental Science and Research; Nueva Zelanda. Fil: McArthur, Colin. Auckland City Hospital. Department of Critical Care Medicine; Nueva Zelanda. Fil: Cohen, Cheryl. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Archer, Brett. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Outbreak Response Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Blumberg, Lucille. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Outbreak Response Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Cengimbo, Ayanda. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Outbreak Response Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Makunga, Chuma. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Outbreak Response Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: McAnerney, Jo. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Msimang, Veerle. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Naidoo, Dhamari. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Respiratory Virus Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Puren, Adrian. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Respiratory Virus Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Schoub, Barry. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Outbreak Response Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Thomas, Juno. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Outbreak Response Unit; Sudáfrica. Fil: Venter, Marietjie. National Institute for Communicable Diseases. Division of the National Health Laboratory Service. Respiratory Virus Unit; Sudáfrica. NTRODUCTION AND SETTING: Our analysis compares the most comprehensive epidemiologic and virologic surveillance data compiled to date for laboratory-confirmed H1N1pdm patients between 1 April 2009 - 31 January 2010 from five temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere-Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, and South Africa.
Objective: We evaluate transmission dynamics, indicators of severity, and describe the co-circulation of H1N1pdm with seasonal influenza viruses.
Results: In the five countries, H1N1pdm became the predominant influenza strain within weeks of initial detection. South Africa was unique, first experiencing a seasonal H3N2 wave, followed by a distinct H1N1pdm wave. Compared with the 2007 and 2008 influenza seasons, the peak of influenza-like illness (ILI) activity in four of the five countries was 3-6 times higher with peak ILI consultation rates ranging from 35/1,000 consultations/week in Australia to 275/100,000 population/week in New Zealand. Transmission was similar in all countries with the reproductive rate ranging from 1.2-1.6. The median age of patients in all countries increased with increasing severity of disease, 4-14% of all hospitalized cases required critical care, and 26-68% of fatal patients were reported to have ≥1 chronic medical condition. Compared with seasonal influenza, there was a notable downward shift in age among severe cases with the highest population-based hospitalization rates among children <5 years old. National population-based mortality rates ranged from 0.8-1.5/100,000.
Conclusions: The difficulty experienced in tracking the progress of the pandemic globally, estimating its severity early on, and comparing information across countries argues for improved routine surveillance and standardization of investigative approaches and data reporting methods.