Introduction. Raising a research problemrequires clarifying the difference betweenreal problem, problem, problematization andresearch problem. At the same time, it requiresthinking of the researcher as the source of the problem and of reasoning, considering the three types of reasoning: deductive, inductiveand abductive. It proposes four criteria to build a research problem: 1. Description of the phenomenon 2. Description of the imbalance3. Description of the time space 4. Descriptionof the research subjects. Finally, the differencebetween the paradigms in the construction of research problems is considere