dc.contributor | Cadena Chamorro, Edith Marleny | |
dc.contributor | Santa Marín, Juan Felipe | |
dc.contributor | Ingeniería Agrícola | |
dc.contributor | Rendon-Munoz, Yazmin [0000-0003-4417-6772] | |
dc.contributor | https://scholar.google.es/citations?user=S43z40cAAAAJ&hl=es | |
dc.creator | Rendón Muñoz, Yazmín | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-07-31T19:25:09Z | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-08-25T13:50:09Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-07-31T19:25:09Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-08-25T13:50:09Z | |
dc.date.created | 2023-07-31T19:25:09Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2023-07-29 | |
dc.identifier | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84374 | |
dc.identifier | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.identifier | Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.identifier | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/ | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/8427019 | |
dc.description.abstract | El café es uno de los productos insignia de la economía colombiana, contribuyendo en 2021 con el 1.0% al PIB nacional y el 15% al PIB agrícola. Sin embargo, su cadena productiva deja tras de sí diferentes residuos que generan un impacto ambiental negativo en las áreas rurales del país, uno de estos residuos es el mucílago que se genera en grandes cantidades y afecta principalmente fuentes hídricas. En aras de buscar usos alternativos para este residuo, el presente trabajo evaluó su potencial como medio de cultivo en la producción de celulosa bacteriana, polímero de gran valor utilizado en diferentes áreas de la industria. En el desarrollo experimental se utilizó mucílago de café obtenido a través de dos métodos de extracción, fermentación natural y desmucilaginado mecánico, y como medio de cultivo control se usó la formulación HS. Cinco (5) microorganismos productores de celulosa bacteriana se aislaron a partir de vinagre casero de panela, de los cuales el mejor productor de celulosa fue clasificado dentro de la especie Komagataeibacter intermedius. La fermentación con este aislado se llevó a cabo en un sistema batch conservando una relación área superficial/volumen de 0.70 cm-1. De igual forma, se evaluó el efecto de variables operaciones como temperatura e inyección de aire en la generación de celulosa con mucílago de café como medio de cultivo. La mayor producción de celulosa bacteriana se obtuvo con mucílago de fermentación natural (4.20±0.01 g/L), seguido por mucílago de desmucilaginado mecánico (1.69±0.04 g/L) y el medio HS (0.77±0.01 g/L) después de 10 d de fermentación. El seguimiento a la cinética del proceso reveló un decrecimiento abrupto en el pH y oxígeno disuelto en los primeros dos días de fermentación, dando indicios sobre el comportamiento de la bacteria en estos medios. La modificación de variables operacionales como temperatura y adaptación de un sistema de aireación sobre el proceso fermentativo reveló que la temperatura óptima para la producción de celulosa bacteriana es 35 °C y que los sistemas con inyección de aire propician un incremento del 22% en la generación de celulosa. La caracterización de las matrices celulósicas obtenidas a partir del mucílago de café reveló que estas presentan una alta capacidad de retención de agua (>150 gH2O/gcelulosa), alta estabilidad térmica determinada por temperaturas de degradación (>360 °C), resistencia mecánica con un alto módulo de Young (>17 GPa) e índice de cristalinidad (>85%). Lo mencionado anteriormente demuestra que el mucílago puede ser catalogado como un medio cultivo alternativo idóneo en la producción de celulosa bacteriana, ya que genera altos rendimientos y permite obtener celulosas con características promisorias para ser usadas en diferentes aplicaciones. (Texto tomado de la fuente) | |
dc.description.abstract | Coffee is one of the Colombian economy-flagship products, contributing to 1.0% of the national GDP and 15% of the agricultural GDP in 2021. However, coffee supply chain leaves behind different residues that generate a negative environmental impact in the Colombian rural areas. One of these residues is the mucilage, which is generated in large quantities and mainly affects water sources. In order to find alternative uses for this residue, the present work evaluated mucilage potential as a culture medium in the production of bacterial cellulose, a high-value polymer used in different industrial areas. Coffee mucilage obtained by two extraction methods, natural fermentation and mechanical removal, was used throughout this research. HS formulation was also used as control culture medium. Five (5) bacterial cellulose-producing microorganisms were isolated from homemade raw-sugar-cane vinegar, being the best cellulose producer classified into the species Komagataeibacter intermedius. The fermentative process was carried out in a batch system with this isolate, maintaining a surface area/volume ratio of 0.70 cm-1 for 10 d. Modifications in operational variables, such as temperature and aeration system, along with coffee mucilage were also evaluated on cellulose generation. The highest yield of bacterial cellulose was obtained with natural fermentation mucilage (4.20±0.01 g/L), followed by mechanical removal mucilage (1.69±0.04 g/L) and HS medium (0.77±0.01 g/L) after 10 d. A pronounced decrease in pH and dissolved oxygen in the first two days was observed, giving hints about the bacterium behaviour in these media. Changes in operational variables revealed that the optimal temperature to produce bacterial cellulose is 35 °C, and air-input promotes a 22% increase in cellulose generation. The characterization of the cellulosic matrices obtained from coffee mucilage revealed that they have a high-water retention capacity (>150 gH2O/gcellulose), high thermal stability (>360 °C), mechanical resistance with a high Young modulus' (>17 GPa), and high crystallinity index (>85%). The outcomes demonstrate that mucilage can be recognized as a suitable alternative medium since it generates high cellulose yields with promising characteristics. | |
dc.language | spa | |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia | |
dc.publisher | Medellín - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biotecnología | |
dc.publisher | Facultad de Ciencias | |
dc.publisher | Medellín, Colombia | |
dc.publisher | Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín | |
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dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional | |
dc.rights | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ | |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
dc.title | Fermentación del mucílago de café para la obtención de celulosa bacteriana con aislados nativos de Komagataeibacter spp | |
dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Maestría | |