dc.contributorVargas Ramírez, Mario
dc.contributorBiodiversidad y Conservación Genética
dc.contributorNicolás Castillo-Rodríguez [0000000346711687]
dc.creatorCastillo Rodríguez, Nicolás
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-27T19:19:08Z
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-25T12:59:34Z
dc.date.available2023-07-27T19:19:08Z
dc.date.available2023-08-25T12:59:34Z
dc.date.created2023-07-27T19:19:08Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/84327
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/8426916
dc.description.abstractEl Caimán Llanero o Cocodrilo del Orinoco (Crocodylus intermedius) se encuentra críticamente amenazado debido a la caza indiscriminada que sufrió durante el siglo pasado con el fin de satisfacer la empresa curtiembre estadounidense y europea. Por lo que hoy, la especie es representada por individuos aislados, pocas agrupaciones remanentes, y en gran medida, poblaciones ex situ establecidas con fines de conservación en Colombia y Venezuela. Se han desarrollado legislaciones y planes de conservación estatales, que, en el caso de Colombia, incluyen la importancia y urgente necesidad de evaluar su estado genético en vida silvestre, buscando conservar su potencial evolutivo. La presente investigación se desarrolló con el fin de empezar a llenar este vacío de información y proponer acciones concretas y efectivas para la conservación de la especie. En el primer capítulo, reevaluamos el planteamiento efectuado a partir de fragmentos de ADN mitocondrial que sugería el manejo de la especie como una única unidad genética. Para ello, usamos marcadores moleculares variables (microsatélites y la región control de la mitocondria). Como resultado, identificamos tres agrupaciones genéticas con correspondencia geográfica en la Orinoquía Colombiana: i) Cuenca Oriental del Río Meta, ii) Cuenca Occidental del Río Meta y Cuenca del Río Vichada, y iii) Cuenca del Río Guaviare. Estimamos aspectos sobre su flujo genético y planteamos hipótesis que puedan explicar esta estructuración. Así mismo, evaluamos la asignación de individuos decomisados y cuyo origen era desconocido. En el segundo capítulo, efectuamos la caracterización genética de la población que habita el sistema de ríos Cravo Norte-Ele-Lipa y del programa de rancheo de huevos que allí se desarrolla, con el objetivo de aportar herramientas para seguir con su conservación y manejo. Identificamos a la población como un valioso recurso para la conservación de la especie, e identificamos aspectos demográficos históricos y actuales, entre los que destaca su bajo tamaño efectivo poblacional. Finalmente, en cada capítulo se proponen acciones concretas para la conservación y manejo de esta especie en Colombia. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.description.abstractThe Orinoco Crocodile (Crocodylus intermedius) is critically endangered due to the indiscriminate hunting it suffered during the last century to satisfy the American and European leather demand. Therefore, today it is represented by isolated individuals, few remaining groups, and to a large extent, ex situ populations established for conservation purposes in Colombia and Venezuela. Likewise, legislation and state conservation plans have been developed, which, in the case of Colombia, have suggested the evaluation of the in situ genetic status of the species, seeking to preserve its evolutionary potential. The present investigation was developed aiming baseline information to propose concrete and effective actions towards the species conservation. In the first chapter, we re-evaluated the approach made using mitochondrial DNA fragments that suggested managing the species as a single genetic unit. To do this, we used variable molecular markers (microsatellites and the control region of mitochondria). As a result, we identified three genetic groups with geographic correspondence in the Colombian Orinoquía: i) Eastern Meta River Basin, ii) Western Meta and Vichada River Basins, and iii) Guaviare River Basin. Furthermore, we estimated aspects such as gene flow, propose hypotheses that may explain its structure, and performed the assignment of seized individuals whose origin was unknown. In the second chapter, we achieved the genetic characterization of the population that inhabits the Cravo Norte-Ele-Lipa River System and the egg ranching program for conservation purposes that is being locally developed. We identified the population as a valuable resource for the conservation of the species and evaluated historical and present demographic aspects, among which its low effective population size stands out. Finally, in each chapter we propose concrete actions for the conservation and management of the species in Colombia.
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherBogotá - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biología
dc.publisherFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisherBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.titleEvaluación genética preliminar de poblaciones in situ del Caimán Llanero (Crocodylus intermedius) en la Orinoquía colombiana
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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