info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Rendimiento de un motor alimentado con biogás producido a partir de excretas de ganado bovino
Performance of a motor supplied with biogas produced from excrets of cattle
Autor
Mendoza-Mendoza, Luis Esteban
Zambrano-Vera, Daniel Alejandro
Andrade-Candell, Joffre Alberto
Resumen
Esta investigación presenta la evaluación del rendimiento de un motor de combustión interna alimentado con biogás, producido a partir de excretas de ganado bovino; en comparación con el combustible convencional (gasolina). Se utilizó el método cuantitativo nivel experimental con un diseño bifactorial con tres repeticiones. La unidad experimental estuvo compuesta por el proceso de funcionamiento del motor para alimentar 20 focos de 110 Watt con luminarias encendidas o apagadas hasta agotar el combustible (biogás= 0,2943 m3, gasolina= 0,00051 m3). El rendimiento del motor fue evaluado a partir de tres indicadores: tiempo de encendido (segundos), temperatura del motor (°C) y ruido (dBA). Se determinaron diferencias significativas mediante la prueba de Tukey; a los datos normalmente distribuidos se les realizó el análisis ANOVA donde se establecieron diferencias significativas con la prueba de Duncan. El biogás utilizado fue generado con una mezcla de 0,0885 m3 de agua+0,0708 m3 de excretas de ganado bovino+0,0177 m3 de higuerilla. El motor presentó menores valores de ruido con la utilización del biogás y las luminarias encendidas (64,93 dBA), el mayor tiempo de encendido y temperatura del motor lo presentó la gasolina con 892,5 segundos y 158,43°C respectivamente; el menor tiempo de encendido (36,17 segundos) y temperatura (84,15 °C) lo presentó el biogás. El rendimiento del motor representó que por los 892,5 segundos de tiempo de encendido con gasolina se obtuvo un costo 0,20 ctvs/m3 y a su vez con el biogás por los 29 segundos que se mantuvo el motor encendido se obtuvo un costo $ 200,00/m3.
Palabras clave: Biodigestor, gasificador, sonómetro, manómetro.
ABSTRACT
This research presents the performance evaluation of an internal combustion engine fueled with biogas, produced from excreta of cattle compared to conventional fuel (gasoline). We used the experimental level quantitative method with a bifactorial design with three replicates. The experimental unit consisted of the operation of the engine to power 20 bulbs of 110 watt with luminaires on or off until the fuel was exhausted (biogas= 0.2943 m3, gasoline= 0.00051 m3). The engine performance was evaluated from three indicators: ignition time (seconds), engine temperature (°C) and noise (dBA). Significant differences were determined using the Tukey test; the normally distributed data were analyzed by ANOVA where significant differences were established with the Duncan test. The biogas used was generated with a mixture of 0.0885 m3 of water + 0.0708 m3 of bovine excreta + 0.0177 m3 of higuerilla. The engine presented the lowest noise values with the use of biogas and the lights on (64.93 dBA), the longest ignition and engine temperature was presented by gasoline with 892.5 seconds and 158.43 °C respectively; The lowest time of ignition (36.17 seconds) and temperature (84.15 °C) was presented by the biogas. The performance of the engine represents that for the 892.5 seconds of ignition time with gasoline was spent 0.20 cents/m3 and in turn with biogas for the 29 seconds that kept the engine on it spent $ 200/m3.
Keywords: Biodigester, gasifier, sound level meter, pressure gauge.
Información del manuscrito: Fecha de recepción: 14 de mayo de 2020 Fecha de aceptación: 08 de julio de 2020 Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2020 This research presents the performance evaluation of an internal combustion engine fueled with biogas, produced from excreta of cattle compared to conventional fuel (gasoline). We used the experimental level quantitative method with a bifactorial design with three replicates. The experimental unit consisted of the operation of the engine to power 20 bulbs of 110 watt with luminaires on or off until the fuel was exhausted (biogas= 0.2943 m3, gasoline= 0.00051 m3). The engine performance was evaluated from three indicators: ignition time (seconds), engine temperature (°C) and noise (dBA). Significant differences were determined using the Tukey test; the normally distributed data were analyzed by ANOVA where significant differences were established with the Duncan test. The biogas used was generated with a mixture of 0.0885 m3 of water + 0.0708 m3 of bovine excreta + 0.0177 m3 of higuerilla. The engine presented the lowest noise values with the use of biogas and the lights on (64.93 dBA), the longest ignition and engine temperature was presented by gasoline with 892.5 seconds and 158.43 °C respectively; The lowest time of ignition (36.17 seconds) and temperature (84.15 °C) was presented by the biogas. The performance of the engine represents that for the 892.5 seconds of ignition time with gasoline was spent 0.20 cents/m3 and in turn with biogas for the 29 seconds that kept the engine on it spent $ 200/m3.
Keywords: Biodigester, gasifier, sound level meter, pressure gauge.