The present case study aims to determine how cognitive distortions affect the self-esteem of an adult in Rehabilitation, foundation Cotemac Cetac - Quevedo, which used a non-experimental research, correlational and descriptive research, which has led to obtaining a statistical analysis and develop the variables of the topic. The instruments used are the following: IPA (Automatic Thought Inventory), TDC Test, with the use of techniques and instruments performed it was possible to collect detailed information resulting in Cognitive Distortions Reward Fallacy (55 %), Divine guilt (20%), You should (15), Fallacy of control (10%) and in terms of self-esteem, a low self-esteem is estimated in the adult who is in Rehabilitation, in addition with these results it was possible to elaborate a psychotherapeutic plan focused on cognitive behavior that will help the patient to improve their quality of life in their environment and thus ensure that they shape their mentality and habits for life.The present case study aims to determine how cognitive distortions affect the self-esteem of an adult in Rehabilitation, foundation Cotemac Cetac - Quevedo, which used a non-experimental research, correlational and descriptive research, which has led to obtaining a statistical analysis and develop the variables of the topic. The instruments used are the following: IPA (Automatic Thought Inventory), TDC Test, with the use of techniques and instruments performed it was possible to collect detailed information resulting in Cognitive Distortions Reward Fallacy (55 %), Divine guilt (20%), You should (15), Fallacy of control (10%) and in terms of self-esteem, a low self-esteem is estimated in the adult who is in Rehabilitation, in addition with these results it was possible to elaborate a psychotherapeutic plan focused on cognitive behavior that will help the patient to improve their quality of life in their environment and thus ensure that they shape their mentality and habits for life.El presente estudio de caso plantea como objetivo determinar cómo las distorsiones cognitivas repercuten sobre la autoestima de un adulto en Rehabilitación de la Fundación Cotemac Cetac – Quevedo, misma que se utilizó una investigación no experimental, investigación correlacional y descriptivo, aquello que ha llevado a obtener un análisis estadístico y desarrollar las variables del tema. Los instrumentos usados son los siguientes: IPA (Inventario de pensamientos Automáticos), Test TDC, con el uso de técnicas e instrumentos realizados se pudo recolectar información detallada teniendo como resultado Distorsiones Cognitivas Falacia de recompensa divina (55%), Culpabilidad (20%), Los deberías (15%), Falacia de control (10%) y en cuanto a la autoestima se estima una autoestima baja en el adulto que se encuentra en Rehabilitación, además con estos resultados se pudo elaborar un plan psicoterapéutico enfocado en lo cognitivo conductual que va ayudar al paciente a mejorar su calidad de vida en su entorno y con ello asegurarse de moldear la mentalidad y hábitos de por vida.