En la presente tesis doctoral se investigó la aplicación de dos tecnologías electroquímicas (electrocoagulación y electrooxidación), así como su acoplamiento a un proceso de lodos activados para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de la industria petrolera con el objetivo de obtener un efluente que cumpla con la calidad necesaria para su reúso en sistemas de enfriamiento. In the present doctoral thesis, the application of two electrochemical technologies (electrocoagulation and electrooxidation) was investigated, as well as their coupling to an activated sludge process for the treatment of wastewater from the oil industry with the objective of obtaining an effluent that complies with the quality necessary for its reuse in cooling systems. In this sense, the electrochemical processes were evaluated separately and their conformation in a treatment train at laboratory scale constituted by the sequence: electrocoagulation - activated sludge - electrooxidation. In addition, to broaden the scientific contribution of this work, the study of photo-electrocoagulation and peroxicoagulation processes, two advanced electrocoagulation processes that combine different reaction mechanisms to improve the generation of oxidizing species, such as the hydroxyl radical, was addressed. Palabras clave: Electrocoagulación, Electrooxidación , Radicales hidroxilo, Tratamiento híbrido. Keywords: Electrocoagulation, Electrooxidation, Hydroxyl radicals, Hybrid treatment.