Isolated vein thrombosis of the posterior fossa presenting as localized cerebellar venous infarctions or hemorrhages

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the synovial membrane, cartilage and bone. PAI-1 is a key regulator of the fibrinolytic system through which plasminogen is converted to plasmin. The plasmin activates the matrix metalloproteinase system, which is closely related with the joint damage and bone destruction in RA. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between 4G/5G PAI-1 polymorphism with mRNA expression and PAI-1 plasma protein levels in RA patients. 113 RA patients and 123 healthy subjects (HS) were included in the study. The 4G/5G PAI-1 polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism method; the PAI-1 mRNA expression was determined by real-time PCR; and the soluble PAI-1 (sPAI-1) levels were quantified using an ELISA kit. No significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of 4G/5G PAI-1 polymorphism were found between RA patients and HS. However, the 5G/5G genotype was the most frequent in both studied groups: RA (42%) and HS (44%). PAI-1 mRNA expression was slightly increased (0.67 fold) in RA patients with respect to HS (P = 0.0001). In addition, in RA patients, the 4G/4G genotype carriers showed increased PAI-1 mRNA expression (3.82 fold) versus 4G/ 5G and 5G/5G genotypes (P = 0.0001), whereas the sPAI- 1 plasma levels did not show significant differences. Our results indicate that the 4G/5G PAI-1 polymorphism is not a marker of susceptibility in the Western Mexico. However, the 4G/4G genotype is associated with high PAI-1 mRNA expression but not with the sPAI-1 levels in RA patients. " Springer-Verlag 2011.",,,,,,"10.1007/s00296-011-2279-y",,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/43463","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84872262801&partnerID=40&md5=dc103ddfb9116944c55d3987e9a0a055

http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=medl&AN=22200807",,,,,,"12",,"Rheumatology International",,"3951

3956",,"32",,"Scopus

MEDLINE

WOS",,,,"Index Medicus;Adult;Aged;Aged, 80 and over;Alleles;Arthritis, Rheumatoid/bl [Blood];Arthritis, Rheumatoid/ge [Genetics];Female;Gene Frequency;Genetic Predisposition to Disease;Genotype;Humans;Male;Mexico;Middle Aged;Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/bl [Blood];Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/ge [Genetics];Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide;RNA, Messenger/ge [Genetics];RNA, Messenger/me [Metabolism]",,"Messenger RNA; PAI-1; Polymorphism; Rheumatoid arthritis",,,,,,"PAI-1 mRNA expression and plasma level in rheumatoid arthritis: Relationship with 4G/5G PAI-1 polymorphism",,"Article" "44158","123456789/35008",,"Kelly, C.K., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, C.P. 04510, Mexico D.F., Mexico, Division of Biodiversity and Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7PX, United Kingdom; Smith, H.B., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom; Buckley, Y.M., Department of Biology, Imperial College at Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, United Kingdom; Carter, R., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom; Franco, M., Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, C.P. 04510, Mexico D.F., Mexico; Johnson, W., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom; Jones, T., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom; May, B., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom; Ishiwara, R.P., Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, C.P. 04510, Mexico D.F., Mexico; Pérez-Jiménez, A., Departamento de Botanica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D.F., Mexico; Magallanes, A.S., Instituto Manantlán de Ecología y Conservación de la Biodiversidad (IMECBIO), Centro Universitario Costa Sur (Autlán), U. de G., Ave. Independencia Nacional no. 151, Autlán de Navarro, Jalisco, Mexico; Steers, H., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom; Waterman, C., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom",,"Kelly, C.K.

Smith, H.B.

Buckley, Y.M.

Carter, R.

Franco, M.

Johnson, W.

Jones, T.

May, B.

Ishiwara, R.P.

Perez-Jimenez, A.

Magallanes, A.S.

Steers, H.

Waterman, C.",,"2001",,"Population size distributions were examined for 12 species of trees co-occurring at Chamela Biological Station in Jalisco, Mexico. Species had been selected as congeneric pairs and trios similar in gross morphology and ecology in order better to identify correlates of relative abundance. Rarer species were found unanimously to have more irregular distributions of individuals among size classes than more common species when distributions were compared to a smooth, descending curve constructed from population mean stem diameters (an exponential distribution). Examination among species of patterns of deviation from these corresponding smooth distributions indicates that the most reasonably inferred cause for the observed pattern is consistent differences in degree of fluctuation in recruitment into adult size classes. These results thereby suggest a demographic difference between locally rarer and more common species that may be generally associated with observed differences in relative abundance and indicate a focus for management of rarity in forest trees.",,,,,,"10.1046/j.1461-0248.2001.00278.x",,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/42379","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035201582&partnerID=40&md5=bf4886090b9de99a3acd06be868c4472",,,,,,"6",,"Ecology Letters",,"618

627",,"4",,"Scopus

WOS",,,,,,"Biodiversity; Congeneric comparisons; Independent contrasts; Rare plants; Recruitment fluctuation; Size distributions; Species coexistence; Storage dynamics",,,,,,"Investigations in commonness and rarity: A comparative analysis of co-occurring, congeneric Mexican trees",,"Article" "44190","123456789/35008",,"Ruiz-Sandoval, J.L., Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Mexico, Department of Neurosciences, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Chiquete, E., Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Navarro-Bonnet, J., Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Mexico, Department of Neurosciences, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Ochoa-Guzmán, A., Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Mexico, Department of Neurosciences, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico; Arauz-Góngora, A., Stroke Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Barinagarrementería, F., Stroke Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Cantú, C., Stroke Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico",,"Ruiz-Sandoval, J.L.

Chiquete, E.

Navarro-Bonnet, J.

Ochoa-Guzman, A.

Arauz-Gongora, A.

Barinagarrementeria, F.

Cantu, C.",,"2010",,"Background And Purpose-: Cerebellar venous infarction or hemorrhage due to isolated venous thrombosis of the posterior fossa is a rare form of intracranial vein thrombosis that can be unsuspected in clinical practice. Methods-: We studied 230 patients with intracranial vein thrombosis, identifying 9 (3.9%: 7 women, mean age 34 years) with neuroimaging or histopathologic evidence of localized posterior fossa vein thrombosis causing parenchymal injury limited exclusively to the cerebellum. Results-: All patients had an insidious presentation suggesting other diagnoses. Intracranial hypertension (n=6) and cerebellar (n=4) syndromes were the main clinical presentations. Intracranial vein thrombosis was idiopathic in 3 patients; associated with puerperium in 3; and with contraceptives, protein C deficiency, and dehydration in 1 case each. CT was abnormal but not diagnostic in 5 patients, showing a cerebellar hypodensity with fourth ventricle compression and variable hydrocephalus in 5 patients, and cerebellar hemorrhage in 2. Conventional MRI provided diagnosis in 6 cases, showing the causal thrombosis and cerebellar involvement; angiography was practiced in 2 of them, confirming the findings identified by MRI. In the other 3 patients, diagnosis was reached by histopathology. Thromboses were localized at the straight sinus (n=4), lateral sinuses (n=3), and superior petrosal vein (n=2). The acute case fatality rate was 22.2% (n=2), 1 (11.1%) patient was discharged in a vegetative state, 1 (11.1%) was severely disabled, and 5 (55.6%) were moderately disabled. Conclusions-: Isolated venous thrombosis of the posterior fossa is infrequent and implies a challenging diagnosis. Risk factors for intracranial vein thrombosis and atypical cerebellar findings on CT should lead to further MRI assessment. " 2010 American Heart Association, Inc.