The DISCOVERY PENTA study: A DIrect Statin COmparison of LDL-C Value - An Evaluation of Rosuvastatin therapY compared with atorvastatin

Abstract

The Doñana National Park is one of the most important National Parks in Spain. The present-day scenario is the final result of a long geological evolution (~6 Myr), with the ?creatio? of a deep aquifer and numerous geomorphological features that enhance the biodiversity. This socio-ecological system presents numerous threats (invasive species, decrease of aquifer discharges, tourism resorts, sea level rise) and an adequate sustainable development is necessary in order to preserve this special system. " 2013 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.",,,,,,,,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/45075","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896165296&partnerID=40&md5=e22c867974c617674d0bbf17815471ad",,,,,,,,"National Parks: Sustainable Development, Conservation Strategies and Environmental Impacts",,"219

231",,,,"Scopus",,,,,,,,,,,,"The Doñana National Park (SW Spain): From the sea to the future",,"Book Chapter" "46851","123456789/35008",,"Fonseca, F.A.H., Disciplina de Cardiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 458, São Paulo, Brazil; Ruiz, A., Medicina Interna y Epidemiologia Clínica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Cardona-Muñoz, E.G., Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Silva, J.M., Servicio de Medicina II, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Fuenmayor, N., Servicio de Nefrologia Dialisis y Transplante, Hospital 'Miguel Pérez Carreño', Caracas, Venezuela; Marotti, M., AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom",,"Fonseca, F.A.H.

Ruiz, A.

Cardona-Munoz, E.G.

Silva, J.M.

Fuenmayor, N.

Marotti, M.",,"2005",,"Background: International guidelines emphasize the need to achieve recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in order to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, many patients with hypercholesterolemia fail to achieve LDL-C goals on treatment. Objective: The primary objective was to compare the efficacy of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin for enabling patients to achieve National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) LDL-C goals. Secondary objectives were European LDL-C goal achievement, changes in the lipid profile, and safety. Research design and methods: This 12-week, multicenter, multinational, randomized, open-label trial compared the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin 10 mg with atorvastatin 10 mg in statin-naive and switched patients with primary hypercholesterolemia from Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Portugal, and Venezuela. Results: A total of 1124 patients with similar baseline characteristics were randomized to the two treatment groups. After 12 weeks of treatment, a significantly greater percentage of patients receiving rosuvastatin 10 mg compared with atorvastatin 10 mg achieved NCEP ATP III LDL-C goals (71.2% vs 61.4%, p < 0.001), 1998 European LDL-C goals (73.5% vs 59.2%, p < 0.001) and 2003 European LDL-C goals (58.9% vs 44.6%, p < 0.001). Rosuvastatin treatment was associated with significant reductions in LDL-C and total cholesterol (TC) and, in statin-naive patients, a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared with atorvastatin treatment. Both treatments were well tolerated with a similar incidence of adverse events. Clinically significant elevations in creatinine, creatine kinase or hepatic transaminases were low and similar between treatment groups. Conclusions: Rosuvastatin 10 mg is significantly more effective at achieving NCEP ATP III and European LDL-C goals, lowering LDL-C and TC in both naive and switched patients and increasing HDL-C in naive patients than atorvastatin 10 mg, with a similar safety and tolerability profile. This study also provides evidence regarding the comparative effects of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin in Latin American and Portuguese populations. " 2005 Librapharm Limited.