Reabilitação psicossocial e projeto terapêutico singular dos novos moradores das residências terapêuticas de Belo Horizonte

Abstract

The sanctioning of the Ordinance of the Ministry of Health nº 106 of 2000, defines the Therapeutic Residential Service, its premises, and ways of operating in line with the Psychosocial Rehabilitation process. The Deinstitutionalization Program was created as part of the ‘Deinstitutionalization Strategies’ of the Psychosocial Care Network, which seeks comprehensive care through substitutive strategies, from the perspective of guaranteeing rights through the promotion of autonomy and the exercise of citizenship, seeking to achieve progressively a social inclusion of its beneficiaries. This perspective inaugurates the idea that as new individuals are inserted in the deinstitutionalization process, new residents for therapeutic residences become frequent. ‘The Singular Therapeutic Project’ is a strategy that can involve people with mental disorders, their families, and the social network, in a continuous, integrated, and agreed process of aimed actions to satisfy needs and produce autonomy, protagonism, and social inclusion. Therefore, from the perspective of Benedetto Saraceno and based on the Psychosocial Rehabilitation understanding, this study is typified as a descriptive-exploratory, qualitative nature, and aims to understand the actions recorded in the Single Therapeutic Project at the Therapeutic Residential Service of Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. An online survey was conducted and had been supported by an analysis of the Deinstitutionalization Reports, sustained by structured interviews with supervisors and unstructured interviews with new residents. The results were analyzed from the perspective of Bardin's content analysis and established the sections: new resident’s profile; Singular Therapeutic Project - followed by the themes: appropriation of the house and territory, the uniqueness of several activities, therapeutic monitoring, composition with the network, family relationship and pandemic and the impact on the singular therapeutic project; the effectiveness of the singular therapeutic project – a reflection by supervisors; and, transition’s experiences of the new residents to the therapeutic residential service. The results indicate a new profile of residents, mainly coming from a psychiatric custody hospital or from a medical-criminal unit, and that the diversity of actions in their therapeutic projects are in line with the premises of Psychosocial rehabilitation. Supervisors pointed out the effectiveness of the Singular Therapeutic project as a device and reiterated the need to strengthen the network's partnership. The transition experience of the new residents portrayed the challenges and especially the potential of the role of citizenship. Therefore, it’s expected that this study may help professionals in the mental health area and in the management of care under the premises of Psychosocial Rehabilitation.