Tese
Entre testemunhos e documentos: a Comissão Nacional da Verdade e seu legado informacional para a justiça de transição
Fecha
2022-12-15Autor
Ana Cláudia Ribeiro
Institución
Resumen
The National Truth Commission clarified the serious human rights violations that
occurred during the military dictatorship period. To achieve this, it was
necessary to recover information that had been omitted, distorted, or denied to
society. This thesis aims to understand the contribution of testimonies and
documents in the development and formalization of the final report of the
National Truth Commission, identifying their role in constructing an informational
legacy for transitional justice in Brazil. The intended analysis was based on
examining the historical-legal context of testimonies, documents, archives,
Transitional Justice, and truth commissions both internationally and in Brazil.
The methodology employed was a qualitative-quantitative bibliographic
research, based on content analysis of the citations from the final report of the
National Truth Commission. Through the creation of an ad hoc database, 7,972
citations were recorded, with a higher incidence of documents, accounting for
89% of the sources of information, compared to the testimonies collected by the
Truth Commission, which represented 11% of the total. Due to the volume of
citations, five cases were chosen for analysis: Operation Condor, Universities,
LGBT, Chael Case, and the Forensic Center. These cases demonstrate the
significance of documents over testimonies, potentially linked to the timeframe
of the establishment of the Truth Commission, given that it occurred more than
thirty years after the end of the military regime, resulting in the appropriation of
documentary sources produced externally to the Commission itself. To better
understand the analyzed sources of information, the producing institutions were
mapped, resulting in the following categories: Truth Commission, Government,
Military Regime, Press, International Organization, Non-Governmental
International Organization, Civil Society, and University. Regarding the type of
information produced by the institutions, normative acts, decrees, laws, official
letters, telegrams, opinions, memoranda, reports, oral sources, articles, letters,
minutes, military police inquiry reports, books, theses, and films were identified.
The research revealed that the more documents recovered about a specific
victim, the higher the details associated with the case, such as photos,
interrogation records, and the violence committed. The five investigated cases
confronted multiple sources from multiple producing institutions. The National
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Truth Commission leaves an informational legacy for Transitional Justice by
gathering, systematizing, and comparing sources of information through
verification of authenticity and content. In doing so, it produces new documents,
establishing itself as a legitimate and reliable forum to reveal the truth about the
violence perpetrated by the regime by the guidelines advocated by international
law.