Efecto de enmiendas con biocarbones sobre propiedades físicas, químicas y Fitoabsorción de Cadmio en suelos disímiles sembrados con lechuga

dc.contributorCuervo Andrade, Jairo Leonardo
dc.contributorMartínez Cordón, María José
dc.contributorSISTEMAS INTEGRADOS DE PRODUCCIÓN AGRICOLA Y FORESTAL
dc.contributorLABORATORIO DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN COMBUSTIBLES Y ENERGÍA
dc.creatorRivera, Julio César
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-12T21:04:57Z
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-06T23:06:02Z
dc.date.available2021-10-12T21:04:57Z
dc.date.available2023-06-06T23:06:02Z
dc.date.created2021-10-12T21:04:57Z
dc.date.issued2021-10-11
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/80523
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/6651086
dc.description.abstractEl biocarbón actualmente es un material de interés, rico en carbono que cuenta con propiedades potenciales para uso como enmienda de suelos y remediación de la contaminación con metales pesados. Se obtiene por pirólisis (descomposición térmica en ausencia de oxígeno) a partir de residuos de biomasas. Esta investigación utilizó biocarbones producidos con raquis de palma (BRP), cuesco de palma (BCP), poda de árboles (BP), pulpa de café (BC) y tallos de rosa (BTR), con el objetivo de caracterizarlos, evaluarlos como enmiendas sobre el crecimiento de lechuga (Lactuca sativa) y determinar su efecto en propiedades físico-químicas de suelos disímiles (Ferralsol, Umbrisol, Andosoles y Tecnosol) contaminados con cadmio. Después establecer las propiedades físicas y químicas de las biocarbones; en cinco ensayos en matera se evaluaron los tratamientos 0, 3, 6, 9 y 12 ton ha-1 de biocarbón y fertilización convencional durante dos ciclos de siembra. Se encontró que BTR, BC y BRP presentan potencial para uso agrícola, mientras que BCP y BP tienen potencial ambiental. BC y BTR muestran una alta correlación negativa en la concentración de cadmio en el tejido foliar de plantas de lechuga frente al aumento de las dosis de biocarbón aplicadas, indicando que mitiga el efecto fitotóxico del cadmio en las plantas; se encontró que el uso de biocarbón mejora la densidad aparente y real, porosidad, capacidad de retención de humedad. Finalmente, se encontró que el pH y Capacidad de Intercambio Catiónico, aumentaron con la aplicación de los biocarbones. Los biocarbones en estudio permiten la enmienda de suelos, mitigar los efectos de la contaminación con cadmio y el aprovechamiento de biomasas contaminantes. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.description.abstractCurrently biochar is a material of interest, rich in carbon with potential properties that allow its use as soil amendment and remediation for heavy metals contamination. The Biochars were obtained by pyrolysis (thermal decomposition in the absence of oxygen) using biomass residues. This research used palm rachis (BRP), palm kernel (BCP), wood waste (BP), coffee pulp (BC) and rose stems (BTR) biochars in order to characterize them and evaluate them as amendments in the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), and determine its effect on physicochemical properties of dissimilar soils (Ferralsols, Umbrisols, Andosols, and Technosols) contaminated with cadmium. In five pot trials, treatments 0, 3, 6, 9 & 12- ton ha-1 of biochar and conventional fertilization were evaluated during two lettuce planting cycles. BTR, BC and BRP were found to have potential for agricultural use, while BCP and BP have environmental potential. BC and BTR show a high negative correlation in cadmium concentration in the leaf tissue of lettuce plants compared to the increase in the doses of biochar applied, indicating that it mitigates the phytotoxic effect of cadmium in plants. It was found that the use of biochar improves bulk and real density, porosity, water holding capacity. Finally, pH, cationic exchange capacity, increased with the application of biochar. The biochar under study allow the amendment of soils, mitigate the effects of cadmium contamination and the use of polluting biomass.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherBogotá - Ciencias Agrarias - Maestría en Ciencias Agrarias
dc.publisherEscuela de posgrados
dc.publisherFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias
dc.publisherBogotá, Colombia
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá
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dc.rightsReconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsDerechos reservados al autor, 2021
dc.titleEfecto de enmiendas con biocarbones sobre propiedades físicas, químicas y Fitoabsorción de Cadmio en suelos disímiles sembrados con lechuga
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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