Estandarización de condiciones de producción in vitro y ex vitro para la propagación y escalamiento de material de siembra de batata (Ipomoea batatas L.)

dc.contributorRosero Alpala, Elvia Amparo
dc.contributorGamez Carrillo, Rocio Margarita
dc.contributorHoyos Sánchez, Rodrigo Alberto
dc.creatorPerez Pazos, Jazmin Vanessa
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-25T14:49:57Z
dc.date.available2022-10-25T14:49:57Z
dc.date.created2022-10-25T14:49:57Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/82447
dc.identifierUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierRepositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.unal.edu.co/
dc.description.abstractLa batata (Ipomoea batatas L.) es un cultivo de alta importancia en seguridad alimentaria por sus propiedades nutracéuticas. La disponibilidad de material de siembra libre de enfermedades asegura el éxito en el establecimiento, rendimiento y calidad del cultivo. La micropropagación in vitro es una alternativa eficaz para obtener material vegetal con calidad fitosanitaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue estandarizar las condiciones de producción in vitro y ex vitro para la propagación y escalado de material de siembra de batata En condiciones de laboratorio se evaluaron estrategias de desinfección, caracterizaron microorganismos contaminantes y determinó la influencia de reguladores de crecimiento sobre plántulas in vitro. En invernadero y vivero se evaluaron mezclas de sustratos a base de turba (T), lombriabono (LA), cascarilla de arroz (CA), fibra de coco (FC) y arena fina (A) para mejorar la producción de material de siembra. Los resultados indicaron que lavado con yodopovidona y desinfección con hipoclorito de sodio al 2%, ácido acético y amonio cuaternario permitió erradicar el 70% de contaminantes. de los géneros Fusarium, Sarocladium, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Pseudozyma, Moesziomyces y Curtobacterium. Los explantes cultivados con ANA (0,2ppm) presentaron una mayor producción de nudos y crecimiento aéreo significativamente superior al control. Para la aclimatación de vitroplantas, el sustrato compuesto por T:LA:CA (3:1:1) y cámara húmeda por 8 días permitió obtener plántulas super elite con buen crecimiento, altas tasas de supervivencia (92%) y multiplicación (3,53) en comparación con la estrategia convencional (turba, sin cámara húmeda). En condiciones de vivero, sustrato de A:LA:FC (7:1:2), produjo exitosamente hasta 79 mini-raíces/m2. Una mayor eficiencia en la producción de material de siembra de alta calidad con condiciones fitosanitarias garantizadas es una contribución importante para mejorar las estrategias globales de manejo de enfermedades en el cultivo de batata. (Texto tomado de la fuente)
dc.description.abstractSweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a highly important crop for food security due to its nutraceutical properties. The availability of disease-free planting material ensures successful establishment, yield, and quality of the crop. In vitro micropropagation is an effective alternative to obtain plant material with phytosanitary quality. The objective of this study was to standardize the in vitro and ex vitro production conditions for the propagation and scaling of sweet potato planting material. In laboratory conditions, disinfection strategies were evaluated, contaminating microorganisms were characterized and the influence of growth regulators on the development of the in vitro plant was determined. In the greenhouse and nursery, mixtures of substrates based on peat (T), vermicompost (LA), rice husks (CA), coconut fiber (FC) and fine sand (A) were evaluated to improve the production of planting material. The results indicated that washing with povidone-iodine and disinfection with 2% sodium hypochlorite, acetic acid and quaternary ammonium eradicated 70% of contaminants. of the genera Fusarium, Sarocladium, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Pseudozyma, Moesziomyces and Curtobacterium. The explants cultured with ANA (0.2ppm) showed a higher production of nodes and aerial growth significantly higher than the control. For the acclimatization of vitroplants, the substrate composed of T:LA:CA (3:1:1) and a humid chamber for 8 days allowed obtaining super elite seedlings with good growth, high survival rates (92%) and multiplication (3, 53) compared to the conventional strategy (peat, without humid chamber). Under nursery conditions, A:LA:FC (7:1:2) substrate successfully produced up to 79 mini-roots/m2. Greater efficiency in the production of high-quality planting material with guaranteed phytosanitary conditions is an important contribution to improve global disease management strategies in sweet potato cultivation.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
dc.publisherMedellín - Ciencias - Maestría en Ciencias - Biotecnología
dc.publisherEscuela de biociencias
dc.publisherFacultad de Ciencias
dc.publisherMedellín, Colombia
dc.publisherUniversidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Medellín
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dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.titleEstandarización de condiciones de producción in vitro y ex vitro para la propagación y escalamiento de material de siembra de batata (Ipomoea batatas L.)
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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