Determinación de la viabilidad de un modelo de desalinización de agua de mar acoplado a una celda microbiana de desalinización para comunidades vulnerables en Riohacha, Guajira

Abstract

The availability of fresh water on earth is 3%, which is low considering population growth; together with the mismanagement of water resources are the main problems facing the municipality of Riohacha; Therefore, a technology is needed that satisfies the demand for water using saline water, but currently there are no projects and / or studies on desalination techniques that contribute to improving the conditions of access to water suitable for human use and consumption that are viable in the territory, so it is proposed to determine the viability of a seawater desalination model coupled to a microbial desalination cell for vulnerable communities in Riohacha (Guajira) based on a literature review. Which was developed through a meta-analysis where the information was collected, a statistical analysis was developed, comparison between conventional desalination techniques and microbial desalination cells (CDM) and finally the results were analyzed along with social conditions and environmental of Riohacha. The main result is that the techniques coupled to CDM with bio-cathode that are viable for its implementation in Riohacha are Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Multistage Flash Distillation (MSF). Because they are the most efficient and economical techniques, with high availability worldwide and ease of operation, thus contributing to the fulfillment of the sustainable development objectives, ending poverty, zero hunger, health and well-being, and clean water and sanitation.