Factores de riesgo modificables de hipertensión arterial en pacientes de 45 a 60 años del puesto de salud Lluhuana, 2021

Abstract

The present research studies the problems related to hypertensive patients, the objective was to determine the modifiable risk factors of arterial hypertension (HT) in hypertensive patients between 45 and 60 years of P.S. Lluhuana-2021, with a quantitative approach, descriptive, observational, and univariate level, the sample used was 12 hypertensive patients (HT) in addition to the medical records. The questionnaire prepared by the author was used as an instrument, which was validated by three experts and with a reliability level of 0.79 according to the Kuder-Richardson test. The data analysis was processed in the SPSS v.25 software, and they were presented in contingency tables. The results show that of the total, 83.3% of the male sex range between 41 to 50 years, compared to the female sex who are between 51 to 60 years; Regarding the level of education, incomplete secondary education predominates, and in marital status, the condition of cohabiting and married; 100% of the patients consume carbohydrates in excess, 58.3% do not consume fruits or vegetables frequently, 75% consume foods that are too salty, more than half of the sample does not perform physical activity and have high cholesterol and triglycerides, approximately the 75% suffer from anxiety, depression and stress. It is concluded: Most HT patients do not improve their diagnosis due to non-compliance with the recommendations given by the nursing staff, this is reflected in 58.3% do not attend their control, possibly due to the health emergency in our country, modifiable factors of HT are eating disorders, lack of physical exercise, excessive consumption of salt, alcohol, dyslipidemia, anxiety and stress in HT patients (45-60 years) of the Lluhuana-Bagua PS. It is also observed that the emotional factor contributes to the increase in BP; Regarding the sociodemographic variable sex, for this study there is a significant relationship (p <0.005).