Equatorial E and F Region scattering structures over Jicamarca

Abstract

During the IGY, from December 1957 to November 1958, Trans-equatorial, 50 MHz forward scatter propagation studies were carried out in Perú by the National Bureau of Standards. They had different propagation paths. They included the E and/or F-region altitudes in their common volume. The studies showed that scattering from E and F-region irregularities were responsible for the relatively strong received signals. The strongest signals were identified with the same irregularities responsible for the Esq and Spread-F signatures observed in the ionograms. Shortly after, the Jicamarca Observatory was built. These same irregularities have been studied since, using this facility. One could claim that the present knowledge we have about the nature of these irregularities has come out from the backscattering observations made with its powerful radars. Toe space-time morphological characteristics of these irregularities are presented. A short account of the current theories proposed to explain the physical processes responsible for them is included.