Frecuencia de Gardnerella vaginalis en muestras de secreción vaginal en el laboratorio Interlab – Guayaquil, enero-octubre, 2021

Abstract

Vaginal infection caused by Gardnerella sp is a common health problem mainly in women of reproductive age and according to the World Health Organization has an very important impact on women health because it is the most common type of vaginal infection among women. Women of reproductive age and accounts for about a third of all vulvovaginal infections. The most common evidence is non-pruritic vaginal discharge associated with a fishy odor, and the discharge may be grayish-white or yellowish in color. Gardnerella vaginalis is an aerobic gram variable bacillus, similar to the gram-positive wall, only it is thinner, immobile, and is part of the normal microbiota of the vagina, however, it is one of the most frequent causes related to vaginosis managing to displace microorganisms with protective capacity such as Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus jensenii. Objective: To determine the frequency of gardnerella vaginalis in samples of vaginal secretion in the Interlab laboratory - Guayaquil, January - October 2021. Methodology: The data will be collected from the database through a questionnaire. A descriptive study will be applied in which a quantitative method is proposed for accounting for the variables age, residence, presence of Gardnerella, presence of guide cells in gram staining and presence of lactobacillus in vaginal secretion samples; they will be processed through simple or crossed tables and will be described in frequencies and percentages; They will be analyzed using the SPSS Statistics 25 free version program and the Microsoft Office Excel application. Results: Of the 340 cases analyzed, 67 were positive for Gardnerella vaginalis, where 62 of them presented abundant Lactobacillus and 64 guide cells. According to the study, it included women over 18 years of age, where the highest frequency of Gardnerella vaginalis was observed in women between 34-41 years of age and, in turn, being mainly residents of the urban area, representing 14.11% of the positive cases.